501 CHALLENGING LOGIC AND REASONING PROBLEMS phần 7

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501 CHALLENGING LOGIC AND REASONING PROBLEMS phần 7 – ANSWERS – S et 26 396. a. Since Maui is an island and islands are sur- (Page 66) rounded by water, Maui must be surrounded by water. There is not enough information to sup- 390. a. Since one-half of the four children are girls, port statements II and III. two must be boys. It is not clear which children 397. c. If all drink mixes are beverages and some bev- have blue or brown eyes. erages are red, then some drink mixes are red 391. d. All baseball caps have brims, since baseball caps (statement I). Since all beverages are drinkable are hats (Fact 3) and all hats have brims and all drink mixes are beverages, then all red (Fact 1). This rules out statement III—but it drink mixes must be drinkable (statement III). doesn’t follow that all caps, a category that may Statement II can be ruled out. include caps that are not baseball caps, have 398. d. There is no information in the facts to support brims (statement I). Statement II cannot be statements I or II. Statement III is clearly wrong confirmed, either, since it is possible, given the because, according to Fact 1, no frames cost information, that all baseball caps are black. less than $35. 392. b. The first statement cannot be true because only 399. b. Since some pens don’t write, some writing female birds lay eggs. Statement II is true utensils don’t write (statement I). Since there because hens are chickens and chickens are are blue pens and since pens are writing uten- birds. Statement III is also true because if only sils, some writing utensils are blue (statement some chickens are hens, then some must not II). There is not enough information to support be hens. statement III. 393. d. None of the three statements is supported by 400. c. If Mary always tells the truth, then both Ann the known facts. and Mary have cats (statements I and II), and 394. c. Statements I and II are not supported by the Ann is lying (statement III). facts. Statement III is true because if all story- 401. b. Statement II is the only true statement. Since all books have pictures and only some have words, dogs like to run, then the ones who like to swim then some storybooks have both words and also like to run. There is no support for state- pictures. ment I or statement III. 395. d. There is not enough information to support any of the statements. Robert is known to have a minvan, but it is not known which of his vehi- cles is red. Robert may have a pickup or sport utility vehicle, so the second statement cannot be supported. There is no way to know if Robert’s favorite color is red (statement III). 129 – ANSWERS – S et 27 408. b. Tall, thin, and middle-aged are the elements of ...