A conceptual model for governance of private universities as social enterprises

India requires successful and sustainable private universities to meet its Higher Education goals. This study proposes a framework covering dimensions for achieving success and sustainability of a private university governed as a social enterprise.
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A conceptual model for governance of private universities as social enterprisesInternational Journal of Management (IJM)Volume 7, Issue 7, November–December 2016, pp.98–113, Article ID: IJM_07_07_010Available online athttp://www.iaeme.com/ijm/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=7&IType=7Journal Impact Factor (2016): 8.1920 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.comISSN Print: 0976-6502 and ISSN Online: 0976-6510© IAEME Publication A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR GOVERNANCE OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES AS SOCIAL ENTERPRISES Devang Joshi Research Scholar, Faculty of Management Studies (FMS),Indukaka Ipcowala Institute of Management, Constituent of Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Gujarat, India Dr. V G Patel Former Director, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India ABSTRACT The concept of Social Enterprises has emerged and evolved in last two decades. Their emergence has gained momentum as the void in services which are not catered by Government and Business sectors have increased worldwide. Social entrepreneurs, the enterprising individuals, are filling this void through Social enterprises. While bringing out the phenomenon of emergence and need of private universities the paper evidences a private university as a Social enterprise. The changing expectations from Society are the spur to draw the rationale of governing a private university as a social enterprise. India requires successful and sustainable private universities to meet its Higher Education goals. This study proposes a framework covering dimensions for achieving success and sustainability of a private university governed as a social enterprise. Analysis of the proposed framework for managing a private university as Social Enterprise is undertaken. Challenges of managing University as a Social enterprise are also presented. Key words: Social enterprises, Private University, Governance, Legitimacy, Stakeholders, accountability, ethics and values. Cite this Article: Devang Joshi and Dr. V G Patel, A Conceptual Model for Governance of Private Universities as Social Enterprises. International Journal of Management, 7(7), 2016, pp. 98–113. http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=7&IType=71. INTRODUCTIONThe higher education sector in India and across the world is witnessing major changes. More contributionis expected from Universities towards their fundamental role of societal transformation. The role ofGovernments in regulating and financing the universities is getting redefined. To what extent Governmentshould fund universities and should the universities be funded at all; are some of the questions indicative ofthis changed role. Stupendous development of Information and Communication Technologies has affectedall the aspects of life and higher education is no exception. These changes have precipitated intoconsidering governance and management of universities with a fresh perspective (Bleiklie&Kogan2007). http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 98 editor@iaeme.com A Conceptual Model for Governance of Private Universities as Social EnterprisesThis consideration sets the canvas for this paper. Privatisation in higher education sector adds a differentcolour to this canvas. Being aware of its budgetary limitations, Government has allowed entry of private players to establishuniversities to meet need of Society. India, in 2015, had a Gross enrolment rate (GER) in Higher Educationof 24.8 % (British Council - India, 2015).Through its 12th Five year plan India envisages to achieve GERof 30 %. This capacity expansion cannot be met unless Private universities develop in the country. There isample knowledge available on different management models for achieving success of a University. Thesemodels focus more on the core processes of University covering teaching and research. A research gapprevails on management approaches leading to success of a private university maintaining its basic purposeof societal development. This articleen compasses study of a Private University as a Social enterprise andsustainability. It attempts to answer several questions like what is the need of Private University, should aprivate university prioritise profit making over social mission, what is the role of Social entrepreneurs whomanage the private university to success, does ethical practice affects the success and sustainability, andwhat are the operational aspects to be focussed for sustainability. Social enterprise research has been marked with narratives on need, typologies and governanceapproaches. The paper starts with introducing concept and facets of social enterprises as relevant to thisstudy. It’s followed by perspective on Private university scenario prevalent in India. Taking several studiesinto consideration a rationale for governing private university as a social enterprise is developed. Thedefining facets of Social enterprise are mapped to analogous facets in a Private university. Through studyof research undertaken in the area of Social enterprises, the dimensions of success paradigm of a Socialenterprise are sculpted. Based on that, a framework is suggested for achieving success of a privateuniversity as a social enterprise. Challenges faced by Private Universities are also discussed to elucidateabout institutional environment required for private universities to flourish. Towards the end, conclusionand suggestions for further research are presented.2. SOCIAL ENTERPRISE CONCEPT AND FACETSThe emergence of organizations who have primary motive of social service and who generate income fortheir sustenance has gained momentum in last two decades. Such organizations have come to be te ...