Phân tích tư tưởng của nhân dân qua đoạn thơ: Những người vợ nhớ chồng… Những cuộc đời đã hóa sông núi ta trong Đất nước của Nguyễn Khoa Điềm
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Second, information should be thought of as better if it reduces the uncertainty
surrounding some future cost or benefit. For instance, future liabilities are inherently
uncertain. Information that can narrow the variance on estimates of those uncertain liabilities
should be considered better information. Reduced variance is particularly valuable when
decision-makers are risk-averse, since a reduction in variance alone can lead to different
decisions when there is risk aversion. If decision-makers are risk neutral (basing decisions
purely on the expected value of an uncertain parameter), reduced variance has no effect unless
it is accompanied by a change in the parameter's expected value....
Nội dung trích xuất từ tài liệu:
CAS Online Course 2, Second Edition Insurance Accounting, Coverage Analysis, Insurance Law, and Insurance Regulation
