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Ecotoxicological Testing of Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems Emerging Techniques, Trends, and Strategies

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Over the past 25 years the discipline of ecotoxicology has undergone twomajor developments. Firstly, new assays have been developed, deployingorganisms that bear added relevance to the specific environment underinvestigation. Several new procedures assess the effects on organisms afterexposure to environmental samples rather than to spiked water or sedimentsamples. Also noteworthy is the considerable attention given to effects ofchronic exposure to low levels of contaminants. These developments are ofgreat importance for the application of ecotoxicological techniques in riskassessmentapproaches....
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Ecotoxicological Testing of Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems Emerging Techniques, Trends, and Strategies

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