Ethernet Networking- P1

Ethernet Networking- P1:One of the biggest problems when discussing networking is knowing whereto start. The subject of computer networks is one of those areas for whichyou have to "know everything to do anything." Usually, the easiest way toease into the topic is to begin with some basic networking terminology andthen look at exactly what it means when we use the word Ethernet.
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Ethernet Networking- P1 L:l llertlet I letworl< for the 5mall Office and Professional Home Office Jan L. Harrington AMSTERDAM BOSTON ~ HEIDELBERG ~ LONDON NEW YORK 9 OXFORD ~ PARIS ~ SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO ~ SINGAPORE ~ SYDNEY 9 TOKYO MORGAN KAUFMANN PUBLISHER. cELSEVIER Morgan Kaufmann is an imprint of ElsevierPublisher Denise PenroseAcquistions Editor Rick AdamsPublishing Services Manager George MorrisonProject Manager Marilyn E. RashAssistant Editor Kimberly HonjoCopyeditor Joan FlahertyProofreader Debbie PratoCover Design Alisa AndreolaInterior Printer Malpe-VailCover Printer Phoenix Color Corp.Morgan Kaufmann Publishers is an imprint of Elsevier.30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400Burlington, MA 01803This book is printed on acid-free paper.Copyright 9 2007 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks or registered trademarks.In all instances in which Morgan Kaufmann Publishers is aware of a claim, the product names appear in initial capital orall capital letters. Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information regardingtrademarks and registration.No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any meansmelectronic, mechanical, photocopying, scanning, or otherwisemwithout prior written permission of the publisher.Permissions may be sought directly from Elseviers Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone:(+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.com. You may also complete your requeston-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://elsevier.com),by selecting Support & Contact then Copyright andPermission and then Obtaining Permissions.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataHarrington, Jan L. Ethernet networking for the small office and professional home office / Jan L. Harrington. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13:978-0-12-373744-1 (alk. paper) ISBN-10:0-12-373744-3 (alk. paper) 1. Ethernet (Local area network system) 2. Home offices. 3. Business enterprisesmComputernetworks. I. Title.TK5105.8.E83H273 2007004.68--dc22 2007010951For information on all Morgan Kaufmann publications, visit our Web site atwww.mkp.com or www.books.elseviercomPrinted in the United States of America07 08 09 10 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 I Workingtogether to grow libraries in developing countries ConfenfsPreface ix What You Need to Know xi Acknowledgments xi Part One: IntroductionChapter 1: Introduction 3 Anatomy of a Network 3 Network Components 5 Clients, Servers, and Peers 7 Data Communications Protocols 9 Layered Protocols 11 Another Word on Protocol Stacks 13 Network Operating Systems 14 What Ethernet Really Means 15 Types of Ethernet 15 The Speed and Bandwidth Connection 17 Ethernet Standards 18 A Bit of Ethernet History 19 iiiiv ContentsChapter 2: How TCP/IP and Ethemet Work 21 Network Data Transmission 22 Major TCP/IP Protocols 23 The Operation of a Protocol Stack 23 The Application Layer 24 The Transport Layer 25 The Internet Layer 29 The Logical Link Control Layer 31 The Ethernet MAC Protocol 33 Ethernet Frames 33 Ethernet Media Access 35 Alternative Protocol Stacks 38 Part Two: Design and ConnectivityChapter 3: Fast and Gigabit Ethernet Media and Standards 41 UTP Cabling 41 UTP Standards 42 UTP Cabling Lengths 44 UTP Jack Wiring 46 Fiber Optic Cabling 47 Single versus Multimode Fiber Optics 48 Fiber Optic Cable Bundles 49 Fast Ethernet Standards 50 Twisted-Pair Wire 51 Fiber Optics 51 Gigabit Ethernet Standards 52 Fiber Optics 52 Twisted-Pair Wire 53Chapter 4: Creating Network Segments 55 Hubs (Repeaters) 56 Unmanaged Hubs 57 Managed Hubs 59 Stackable Hubs 62 Propagation Delay 62 Switches 64 Switch Learning 66 Cr ...