Evaluation of organic acid producing aspergillus niger isolates for the management of fusarium wilt of chickpea

The soil-borne necrotrophic fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Ciceris (FOC)infects chickpeaand causes wilt in any stage of plant from seedling to podding. Owing to climate change and ever changing nature of the pathogen, no resistant host cultivar is sustaining long against this disease. Hence, root resident Aspergillus niger isolates as native mycoflora were evaluated as bioagent against the FOC because chemical control has long been discouraged due to its circulation in food chain. In this study, we established the biocontrol potential of organic acid producing A. niger isolates under invitro and in-vivo conditions.
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Evaluation of organic acid producing aspergillus niger isolates for the management of fusarium wilt of chickpea Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(5): 256-265 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) pp. 256-265 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.comOriginal Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.605.029 Evaluation of Organic Acid Producing Aspergillus niger Isolates for the Management of Fusarium Wilt of Chickpea Swati Nayak and Vibha* Department of Plant Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482 004, Madhya Pradesh, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The soil-borne necrotrophic fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Ciceris (FOC)infects chickpeaand causes wilt in any stage of plant from seedling to podding.Keywords Owing to climate change and ever changing nature of the pathogen, no resistant host cultivar is sustaining long against this disease. Hence, root resident Aspergillus nigerFungal isolates,Fusarium wilt, isolates as native mycoflora were evaluated as bioagent against the FOC because chemicalOrganic acids, control has long been discouraged due to its circulation in food chain. In this study, wePhysiological established the biocontrol potential of organic acid producing A. niger isolates under in-parameters and vitro and in-vivo conditions. All the isolates produced tryptophan, one proline, threeDisease incidence. histidine and nine hyproline and valine. The isolate1 was highly inhibitory towards the FOC under poison food technique while isolate9 was highly suppressive towards theArticle Info pathogen under dual culture method. The maximum wilt reduction was recorded withAccepted: isolate3 treatment that also helped the plant to retain maximum relative water content in04 April 2017 leaves, besides maintaining higher chlorophyll content. From the results, it can beAvailable Online: concluded that the response of bioagents under in-vitro conditions can vary under in-vivo10 May 2017 conditions depending upon the inherent metabolite producing ability of the bioagent. This study also provides a basic knowledge about the organic acid producing A. niger isolates and their probable role in wilt management in chick pea.IntroductionFusarium wilt is one of the major diseases of the higher latitudes (30-40ºN) Arunodhayamchickpea and at national level yield losses et al., (2014). On account of the complexwere reported to the tune of 60 per cent Singh environment, development of effectiveet al., (2007). F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris management strategies through chemicals,infects chickpea at seedling as well as at most likely to influence the biologicalflowering and pod forming stage Grewal activities of the system, is of great challenge.(1969), with more incidence at flowering and Utilization of resident mycoflora of any croppodding stages if the crop is subjected to will be helpful in plant health management assudden temperature rise and water stress these mycoflora produce several secondaryChaudhry et al., (2007). It is more prevalent metabolites that act against pathogenicin lower latitudes (0-30ºN) where growing microbes and also produce other plant growthseason is relatively drier and warmer than in promoting substances for crop growth. 256 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(5): 256-265Aspergillus species have been reported as colonies were transferred to test tubesendophytes with antifungal activity Soltani containing PDA medium. The confirmationsand Hosseyni (2015) and able to produce of non-aflatoxin producing or atoxigenicseveral metabolites such as phenolic and Aspergillus species have been done throughbioactive flavonoid compounds that inhibit growing them on Aspergillus differentialthe growth of other pathogenic fungi. Bosah media (Hi-media, Mumbai). The A. nigerand co-workers (2010) recorded that the isolates were designated as AN1, AN2, AN3,Aspergillus spp can inhibit the growth of AN4, AN5, AN6, AN7, AN8, AN9 and AN10pathogenic fungi Sclerotium rolfsii with throughout the study.inhibition of 73.12 to 88.35%. The nineisolates of Aspergillus spp. were tested to Evaluation of antagonistic potential ofcontrol potato dry and pink rots caused by F. beneficial fungi in-vitrosambucinum under in vitro and in vivoconditions and were found to inhibit the The antagonistic potentials of A. niger isolatesmycelial growth of F. sambucinum by 27 to were evaluated against the F. oxysporum68% Daami-Remadi et al., (2006). Hence, the through dual culture technique Denis andpresent study was under taken (1) to evaluate Webster (1971). A five mm disc of differentthe inhibition potential of different organic fungal isolates were cut out from the sevenacid producing i ...