Figure Drawing - Individual Muscles - Rear Limb

Gluteus superficialis HORSE • Origin: Point of the hip (coxal tuberosity) and an adjacent area on the outer edge of the ilium of the pelvis; from fascia covering the gluteus medius (in part ultimately originating from the ligament connecting the sacrum to the ilium). • Insertion: Third trochanter of the femur, one third of the way down the outside of the bone. • Action: Flexes the hip joint; pulls the limb away from the body. • Structure: The gluteus superficialis is a thin, V-shaped muscle that converges on the femur. The front portion is partly covered by, and firmly...
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Figure Drawing - Individual Muscles - Rear Limb88 INDIVIDUAL MUSCLES » REAR LIMB HORSE DOG Gluteus superficialis DOG AND FELINEHORSE • Origin: The sacrum, the first tail vertebra, the front half of the ligament• Origin: Point of the hip (coxal tuberosity) and an adjacent area on the connecting the sacrum to the ischiatic tuberosity (sacrotuberal ligament),outer edge of the ilium of the pelvis; from fascia covering the gluteus and the fascia covering the gluteus medius.medius (in part ultimately originating from the ligament connecting the • Insertion: Outer surface of the femur, about one-eighth of the waysacrum to the ilium). down the bone.• Insertion: Third trochanter of the femur, one third of the way down the • Structure: The gluteus superficialis is a small, flat muscle appearingoutside of the bone. somewhat rectangular on the surface. It is smaller than the gluteus• Action: Flexes the hip joint; pulls the limb away from the body. medius.• Structure: The gluteus superficialis is a thin, V-shaped muscle that con-verges on the femur. The front portion is partly covered by, and firmly The gluteus superficialis is not present in the ox. The upper front portionattached to, the tensor fasciae latae muscle. The rear portion sits on top of the gluteobiceps muscle of the ox is believed to be the rear portion ofof the gluteus medius; its rear edge is covered by the biceps femoris. the gluteus superficialis, and the rear portion of the tensor fasciae latae may be the front portion of the gluteus medius. INDIVIDUAL MUSCLES + REAR LIMB 89 LION Caudofemoralis (Gluteofemoralis) elongated triangular muscle located behind the gluteus superficialis.FELINE Approximately one third of the way down the thigh, it disappears under• Origin: Side projections of the first, second, and third tail vertebrae. the biceps femoris. About two thirds of the way down, it develops a long,• Insertion: The fascia of the leg in front of the biceps femoris muscle, very thin tendon. The visible superficial portion of the muscle belly isand the middle of the outside edge of the patella. approximately the same size as the gluteus superficialis.• Action: Extends the hip joint; pulls the limb away from the body.• Structure: The caudofemoralis muscle, exclusive to the felines, is an90 INDIVIDUAL MUSCLES > REAR LIMB HORSE DOG Tensor fasciae latae the underlying vastus lateralis muscle. This can create a narrow form,HORSE directed from the point of the hip to the patella.• Origin: Point of the hip (outer front corner of the ilium of the pelvis). OX• Insertion: Into the fascia of the leg that surrounds the vastus lateralis • Structure: The lower end of the belly ends in a wide inverted V.and the rectus femoris, therefore indirectly into the patella, the outer The front edge of the belly ends a short distance above the patella.patellar ligament, and the front edge of the tibia. DOG AND FELINE• Action: Flexes the hip joint and, by its ultimate attachment to the patel- • Origin: Lower edge of the front end of the pelvis; the surface of thela and the tibia, extends the knee joint. gluteus medius.• Structure: The tensor fasciae latae is a triangular muscle that forms the • Insertion: Into the fascia covering the thigh muscles.front edge of the upper end of the thigh. Its belly begins on the point of • Structure: The triangular muscle separates into two forms on thethe hip and ends midway between the point of the hip and the patella. surface. The muscle belly ends high on the thigh; its lower edgeIts rear edge tightly adheres to the gluteus superficialis. The muscle is directed downward and forward from the upper end of the femur.belly may separate into two forms upon contraction. The ...