Lập trình Windows - Lập Trình C #- Lập Trình C Shap - Chapter_1_Overview

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Lập trình Windows - Lập Trình C #- Lập Trình C Shap - Chapter_1_OverviewChapter I Framework and C# Overview 1ContentContentPart 1: NET Framework CLR, FCL, CTS 1. Namespace 2. Managed code 3. Garbage collection 4. .NET framework architecture 5.Part 2: C# overview Features 1. IDE 2. 2PART I.NET FRAMEWORK.NET 3.NET Framework.NET Net 4.0 .NET 3.5 (Nov-2007) .NET VS.NET 2008 Default: Windows 7 .NET 2.0 (Nov-2005) .NET VS.NET 2005 .NET 3.0 (Nov-2006) Default: Windows Vista, Server 2008 .NET 1.1 (Apr-2003) .NET VS .NET 2003 Default: Server 2003 .NET 1.0 NET (Feb-2002) 4What is the .NET frameworkWhat The .NET Framework is Microsoft’s latest development platform, and is currently in version 4 Key motivations:  Means of integrating disparate operating systems (Linux, Mac OS,…)  No restriction on the type of applications: .NET Framework enables the creation of Windows applications, Web applications, Web services…  Can be used from any language, including C#, C+ +, Visual Basic, JScript, and even older languages such as COBOL 5What’s in the .NET Framework?What’s .NET Framework consists primarily of a gigantic library of code that you use from your client languages (such as C#) using object-oriented programming (OOP) techniques. Framework Class Library (FCL) contains thousands of classes to provide access to Windows API and common functions like String Manipulation, Common Data Structures, IO, Streams, Threads, Security, Network Programming, Windows Programming, Web Programming, Data Access, etc. You can use the classes in FCL in your program just as you would use any other class. You can even apply inheritance and polymorphism to these classes. 6Common Type System (CTS) Part of the .NET Framework library defines some basic types. A type is a representation of data, and specifying some of the most fundamental of facilitates interoperability between languages using the .NET Framework. This is called the Common Type System (CTS). Example: CTS defines a type, Int32, an integral data type of 32 bits (4 bytes) which is mapped by int of C# and Integer of VB.Net 7Common Language Runtime (CLR)Common .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR), which is responsible for maintaining the execution of all applications developed using the .NET library. Our programs dont directly communicate with the OS but go through the CLR 8Executing an application using the.NETframeworkframework In order for C# code to execute, it must be converted into a  language that the target operating system understands, known as native code. This conversion is called compiling code, an act that is  performed by a compiler. Under the .NET Framework, this is a two-stage process.  Compile your code into Common Intermediate Language  (CIL) code. JIT compiler (just-in-time) compiles CIL into native code that  is specific to the OS and machine architecture being targeted. 9 IL (Intermediate Language) MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) CIL (Common Intermediate Language) Alternate calling ways of the Intermediate language 10AssembliesAssemblies When you compile an application, the CIL code created is stored in an assembly. Assemblies include:  Executable application files (.exe ) and libraries (.dll )  meta information (about the information contained in the assembly) and optional resources (additional data used by the CIL, such as sound files and pictures). 11Managed CodeManaged Code written using the .NET Framework is managed when it is executed. ...