Lecture CCNA Exploration 4.0 (Kỳ 3) - Chapter 4: VTP

After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Explain the role of VTP in a converged switched network. Describe the operation of VTP including domains, modes, advertisements, and pruning. Configure VTP on the switches in a converged network.
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Lecture CCNA Exploration 4.0 (Kỳ 3) - Chapter 4: VTPChapter 4: VTPCCNA Exploration 4.0 1Overview • http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/473/vtp_flash Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 2 VTP ConceptsHọc viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 3The VLAN Management Challenge Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 4VTP• VTP allows a network manager to makes changes on a switch that is configured as a VTP server.• Basically, the VTP server distributes and synchronizes VLAN information to VTP-enabled switches throughout the switched network, which minimizes the problems caused by incorrect configurations and configuration inconsistencies.• VTP stores VLAN configurations in the VLAN database called vlan.dat. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 5VTP• VTP is a Layer 2 messaging protocol that maintains VLAN configuration consistency by managing the addition, deletion, and renaming of VLANs on a network-wide basis.• VTP minimizes misconfigurations and configuration inconsistencies that can cause several problems, such as duplicate VLAN names, incorrect VLAN-type specifications, and security violations.• (www.cisco.com) VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) reduces administration in a switched network. When you configure a new VLAN on one VTP server, the VLAN is distributed through all switches in the domain. This reduces the need to configure the same VLAN everywhere. VTP is a Cisco-proprietary protocol that is available on most of the Cisco Catalyst series products. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 6VTP Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 7Benefits of VTP Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 8VTP Domain• VTP Domain -Consists of one or more interconnected switches.• All switches in a domain share VLAN configuration details using VTP advertisements.• A router or Layer 3 switch defines the boundary of each domain. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 9VTP mode Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 10VTP mode• VTP Server-VTP servers advertise the VTP domain VLAN information to other VTP-enabled switches in the same VTP domain. – VTP servers store the VLAN information for the entire domain in NVRAM. – The server is where VLAN can created, deleted, or renamed for the domain.• VTP Client-VTP clients function the same way as VTP servers, but you cannot create, change, or delete VLANs on a VTP client. – A VTP client only stores the VLAN information for the entire domain while the switch is on. – A switch reset deletes the VLAN information. – You must configure VTP client mode on a switch.• VTP Transparent-Transparent switches forward VTP advertisements to VTP clients and VTP servers. – Transparent switches do not participate in VTP. – VLANs that are created, renamed, or deleted on transparent switches are local to that switch only. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 11Extra: VTP mode• Server—In VTP server mode, you can create, modify, and delete VLANs and specify other configuration parameters, such as VTP version and VTP pruning, for the entire VTP domain. VTP servers advertise their VLAN configuration to other switches in the same VTP domain and synchronize their VLAN configuration with other switches based on advertisements received over trunk links. VTP server is the default mode.• Client—VTP clients behave the same way as VTP servers, but you cannot create, change, or delete VLANs on a VTP client.• Transparent—VTP transparent switches do not participate in VTP. A VTP transparent switch does not advertise its VLAN configuration and does not synchronize its VLAN configuration based on received advertisements, but transparent switches do forward VTP advertisements that they receive out their trunk ports in VTP Version 2.• Off (configurable only in CatOS switches)—In the three described modes, VTP advertisements are received and transmitted as soon as the switch enters the management domain state. In the VTP off mode, switches behave the same as in VTP transparent mode with the exception that VTP advertisements are not forwarded. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 12Extra: VTP mode Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 13VTP pruning Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 14VTP advertisement• VTP Advertisements -VTP uses a hierarchy of advertisements to distribute and sync ...