Lecture TCP-IP protocol suite - Chapter 4: IP addresses: Classful addressing

In this chapter, you will learn: Understand IPv4 addresses and classes, identify the class of an IP address, find the network address given an IP address, understand masks and how to use them, understand subnets and supernets.
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Lecture TCP-IP protocol suite - Chapter 4: IP addresses: Classful addressing Chapter4 IPAddresses: ClassfulAddressingMcGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 CONTENTS •INTRODUCTION •CLASSFUL ADDRESSING •OTHER ISSUES • A SAMPLE INTERNETMcGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 4.1 INTRODUCTIONMcGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 An IP address is a 32-bit address.McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 The IP addresses are unique.McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 AddressSpace ………….. addr1 ………….. addr15 addr2 ………….. ………….. ………….. addr41 addr226 addr31 ………….. …………..McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 RULE: ………….. addr1 ………….. If a protocol uses N bits to addr15 addr2an………….. define address, ………….. ………….. the address space is 2N because each bitaddr41 can haveaddr226 two addr31 ………….. ………….. different values (0 and 1) and N bits can have 2N values.McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 The address space of IPv4 is 232 or 4,294,967,296.McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 BinaryNotation 01110101 10010101 00011101 11101010McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000Figure41 DotteddecimalnotationMcGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 HexadecimalNotation 0111 0101 1001 0101 0001 1101 1110 1010 75 95 1D EA 0x75951DEAMcGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 The binary, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems are reviewed in Appendix B.McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 Example1 Change the following IP address from binary notation to dotted-decimal notation. 10000001 00001011 00001011 11101111 Solution 129.11.11.239McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 Example2 Change the following IP address from dotted-decimal notation to binary notation. 111.56.45.78 Solution 01101111 00111000 00101101 01001110McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 Example3 Find the error, if any, in the following IP address: 111.56.045.78 Solution There are no leading zeroes in dotted-decimal notation (045).McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 Example3(continued) Find the error, if any, in the following IP address: 75.45.301.14 Solution In dotted-decimal notation, each number is less than or equal to 255; 301 is outside this range.McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 Example4 Change the following IP addresses from binary notation to hexadecimal notation. 10000001 00001011 00001011 11101111 Solution 0X810B0BEF or 810B0BEF16McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 4.2 CLASSFUL ADDRESSINGMcGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000Figure42 OccupationoftheaddressspaceMcGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 In classful addressing, the address space is divided into five classes: A, B, C, D, and E.McGrawHill ©TheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.,2000 ...