Management - Chapter 17: Fundamentals of Control

Why and how do managers control? What are the steps in the control process? What are the common control systems and techniques?
Nội dung trích xuất từ tài liệu:
Management - Chapter 17: Fundamentals of Control PowerPoint Presentation to AccompanyManagement, 10/e John R. Schermerhorn, Jr. Chapter17: FundamentalsofControl Preparedby:JimLoPresti UniversityofColorado,Boulder Publishedby:JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Planning Ahead — Chapter 17 Study Questions Whyandhowdomanagerscontrol? Whatarethestepsinthecontrol process? Whatarethecommoncontrolsystems andtechniques? Management10/eChapter17 2Study Question 1: Why and how do managerscontrol? Controlling  Theprocessofmeasuringperformanceandtaking actiontoensuredesiredresults.  Hasapositiveandnecessaryroleinthemanagement process.  Ensuresthattherightthingshappen,intherightway, attherighttime.  Organizationallearningandafteractionreview. Management10/eChapter17 3Figure 17.1 The role of controlling in themanagement process. Management10/eChapter17 4Study Question 1: Why and how do managerscontrol? Feedforwardcontrols Employedbeforeaworkactivitybegins.  Ensuresthat:  Objectivesareclear.  Properdirectionsareestablished.  Rightresourcesareavailable.  Focusesonqualityofresources. Management10/eChapter17 5Study Question 1: Why and how do managerscontrol? Concurrentcontrols  Focusonwhathappensduringwork process.  Monitorongoingoperationstomakesure theyarebeingdoneaccordingtoplan.  Canreducewasteinunacceptablefinished productsorservices. Management10/eChapter17 6Study Question 1: Why and how do managerscontrol? Feedbackcontrols  Takeplaceafterworkiscompleted.  Focusonqualityofendresults.  Provideusefulinformationforimproving futureoperations. Management10/eChapter17 7Figure 17.2 The role of feedforward, concurrent, andfeedback controls in organizations. Management10/eChapter17 8Study Question 1: Why and how do managerscontrol? Internalandexternalcontrol  Internalcontrol  Allowsmotivatedindividualsandgroupsto exerciseselfdisciplineinfulfillingjob expectations.  Externalcontrol  Occursthroughpersonalsupervisionandthe useofformaladministrativesystems. Management10/eChapter17 9Study Question 1: Why and how do managerscontrol?  Bureaucraticcontrol  influencesbehaviorthroughauthority,policies, procedures,jobdescriptions,budgets,andday todaysupervision  Clancontrol  influencesbehaviorthroughnormsand expectationssetbytheorganizationalculture. Management10/eChapter17 10 Study Question 2: What are the steps in the control process? Stepsinthecontrolprocess:  Step1—establishobjectivesandstandards.  Step2—measureactualperformance.  Step3—compareresultswithobjectivesand standards.  Step4—takecorrectiveactionasneeded. Management10/eChapter17 11Figure 17.3 Four steps in the control process. Management10/eChapter17 12Study Question 2: What are the steps in the controlprocess? Step1—establishingobjectivesand standards  Outputstandards  Measureperformanceresultsintermsof quantity,quality,cost,ortime.  Inputstandards  Measureeffortintermsofamountofwork expendedintaskperformance. Management10/eChapter17 13Study Question 2: What are the steps in the controlprocess? Step2—measuringactualperformance  Goalisaccuratemeasurementofactualperformance resultsand/orperformanceefforts.  Mustidentifysignificantdifferencesbetweenactual resultsandoriginalplan.  Effectivecontrolrequiresmeasurement. Management10/eChapter17 14 Study Question 2: What are the steps in the control process? Step3—comparingresultswithobjectives andstandards Needforactionreflectsthedifferencebetween desiredperformanceandactualperformance Comparisonmethods:  Historicalcomparison  Relativecomparison  Engineeringcomparison Management10/eChapter17 15Study Question 2: What are the steps in the controlprocess? Step4—takingcorrectiveaction  Takingactionwhenadiscrepancyexists betweendesiredandactualperformance.  Managementbyexception  Givingattentiontosituationsshowingthe greatestneedforaction.  Typesofexceptions  Problemsituation  Opportunitysituation Management10/eChapter17 16Study Question 3: What are the common controlsystems and techniques? Employeedisciplinesystems  Disciplineistheactofinfluencingbehavior throughreprimand.  Disciplinethatisappliedfairly,consistently, andsystematicallyprovidesusefulcontrol. Management10/eChapter17 17Study Question 3: What are the common controlsystems and techniques? Employeedisciplinesystems  Progressivedisciplinetiesreprimandstothe severityandfrequencyoftheemployee ...