Probabilistic safety assessment for internal and external events/ European projects H2020-NARSIS and FP7-ASAMPSA_E

This project led to a collection of guidance reports that describe existing practices and identify their limits. Moreover, it allowed identifying some idea for further research in the framework of collaborative activities.
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Probabilistic safety assessment for internal and external events/ European projects H2020-NARSIS and FP7-ASAMPSA_EEPJ Nuclear Sci. Technol. 6, 38 (2020) Nuclear Sciences© E. Foerster et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2020 & Technologieshttps://doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2019012 Available online at: https://www.epj-n.org REVIEW ARTICLEProbabilistic safety assessment for internal and external events/European projects H2020-NARSIS and FP7-ASAMPSA_EEvelyne Foerster1,*, Emmanuel Raimond2, and Yves Guigueno21 CEA Paris-Saclay, Nuclear Energy Division, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France2 IRSN, Nuclear Safety Division, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France Received: 12 March 2019 / Accepted: 4 June 2019 Abstract. The 7th EU Framework programme project Advanced Safety Assessment Methodologies: “Extended PSA” (ASAMPSA_E, 2013–2016) was aimed at promoting good practices to extend the scope of existing Probabilistic Safety Assessments (PSAs) and the application of such “extended PSA” in decision-making in the European context. This project led to a collection of guidance reports that describe existing practices and identify their limits. Moreover, it allowed identifying some idea for further research in the framework of collaborative activities. The H2020 project “New Approach to Reactor Safety ImprovementS” (NARSIS, 2017– 2021) aims at proposing some improvements to be integrated in existing PSA procedures for NPPs, considering single, cascade and combined external natural hazards (earthquakes, flooding, extreme weather, tsunamis). The project will lead to the release of various tools together with recommendations and guidelines for use in nuclear safety assessment, including a Bayesian-based multi-risk framework able to account for causes and consequences of technical, social/organizational and human aspects and a supporting Severe Accident Management decision- making tool for demonstration purposes, as well.1 Introduction The collaborative ASAMPSA_E project has hence been supported by the European Commission, aiming atThe methodology for Probabilistic Safety Assessment identifying good practices for PSA and at accelerating the(PSA) of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) has been used for development of “extended PSA” in Europe with thedecades by practitioners to better understand the most objective to help European stakeholders to verify thatprobable initiators of nuclear accidents by identifying all the major contributions to the risk are identified andpotential accident scenarios, their consequences, and their managed. Due to the Fukushima Dai-ichi accident, theprobabilities. However, despite the remarkable reliability ASAMPSA_E project had to focus also on risks induced byof the methodology, the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear the possible natural extreme external events and theiraccident in Japan, which occurred in March 2011, combinations. Despite this limitation, the ambition of thishighlighted a number of challenging issues (e.g. cascading project (number of technical issues to be addressed) wasevent cliff edge scenarios) with respect to the considerable and required assembling the skills of manyapplication of PSA questioning the relevance of PSA experts and organizations located in different countries.practice, for such low-probability but high-consequences Based on the ASAMPSA_E lessons and also on theexternal events. theoretical progresses and outcomes from other recent Following the Fukushima Dai-ichi accident, several European projects (e.g. FP7-SYNER-G, FP7-MATRIX,initiatives at the international level, have been launched FP7-INFRARISK), the NARSIS project has then beenin order to review current practices and identify short- initiated in 2017, in order to propose a number ofcomings in scientific and technical approaches for the improvements on the probabilistic assessment and thecharacterization of external natural extreme events and uncertainty treatment, notably in case of cascading and/the evaluation of their consequences on the safety of or conjunct external natural events, which would enablenuclear facilities. also extended use of PSA in the field of accident management. Profiting from the presence of practitioners and operators within its consortium, NARSIS will test the proposed improvements of the safety assessment proce-* e-mail: evelyne.foerster@cea.fr ...