Quản lý các khu dự trữ sinh quyển thế giới ở Việt Nam: Nghiên cứu điển hình tại khu dự trữ sinh quyển Cù Lao Chàm - Hội An

Bài viết này phân tích từ thực tiễn việc quản lý, điều phối và vận hành tại KSQ Cù Lao Chàm - Hội An, sự bổ sung thông tin và kiểm chứng từ KSQ quần đảo Cát Bà và KSQ Châu thổ sông Hồng để tạo cơ sở thực tiễn cho việc xây dựng, đề xuất Khung quản lý các KSQ tại Việt Nam (gồm 6 nội dung quản lý, 22 chỉ tiêu và 65 chỉ số) theo Hướng dẫn kỹ thuật của UNESCO, đáp ứng Luật Bảo vệ môi trường, Nghị định số 08/2022/NĐ-CP cũng như các văn bản liên quan khác của Nhà nước Việt Nam về quản lý, vận hành mạng lưới các KSQ do UNESCO công nhận.
Nội dung trích xuất từ tài liệu:
Quản lý các khu dự trữ sinh quyển thế giới ở Việt Nam: Nghiên cứu điển hình tại khu dự trữ sinh quyển Cù Lao Chàm - Hội An VNU Journal of Science: Policy and Management Studies, Vol. 40, No. 1 (2024) 16-39 Review Article Management of World Biosphere Reserves in Vietnam: Case study at Cu Lao Cham - Hoi An Biosphere Reserve Truong Quang Hoc1, Le Ngoc Thao2,*, Hoang Thi Ngoc Ha3 1 VNU Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam 2 Cu Lao Cham Biosphere Reserve – Hoi An, Hoi An City, Quang Nam, Vietnam 3 Ecological Community Development Center, VUSTA, Building F, Lane 28, Xuan La, Tay Ho, Hanoi, Vietnam Received 29 January 2024 Revised 18 March 2024; Accepted 25 March 2024 Abstract: By 2024, Vietnam has 11 Biosphere Reserves recognized by UNESCO, ranking second in Southeast Asia in terms of the number of Biosphere Reserves. However, the reception and utilization of the Biosphere Reserve designation in provinces and at the national level remain passive. In addition to maintaining annual commemorative activities and developing 10-year periodic reports, key activities to fulfill the three basic functions of Biosphere Reserves, namely Conservation, Support, and Development—have not been adequately pursued by localities. The 10- year periodic assessment reports required by UNESCO are fairly well-implemented by Biosphere Reserves and localities. However, the recommendations from these reports have not been clearly proposed to promote strengths and limit weaknesses in the sustainable development of future Biosphere Reserves. The underlying cause of these limitations is that the evaluation of the effectiveness of management and coordination of Biosphere Reserves from national to local levels still adheres to administrative trends, and the scientific evidence supporting the evaluation process is not sufficiently clear. Therefore, recommendations from periodic reports still tend to be procedural and responsible for the Vietnamese government agencies as well as UNESCO. Particularly, these recommendations have not been legally institutionalized or institutionalized to leverage the Biosphere Reserve title in the comprehensive and sustainable development of localities with Biosphere Reserves. Based on this reality, the construction of a Framework to evaluate the effectiveness of management and coordination of Vietnams Biosphere Reserves through 6 management contents including i) Context and current management status; ii) Development of a________* Corresponding author. E-mail address: thaolengoc@gmail.com https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1116/vnupam.4464 16 T. Q. Hoc et al. / VNU Journal of Science: Policy and Management Studies, Vol. 40, No. 1 (2024) 16-39 17Management Plan for each Biosphere Reserve; iii) Mobilization of input resources for management;iv) Management process and coordination mechanism; v) Output products of the managementprocess; and vi) Results/Impacts of the management process. Within these six basic contents, 22corresponding indicators and 65 specific indicators have been developed to accurately describe thecontext, conditions, reception process, and management/coordination/operation of each BiosphereReserve with the participation of government authorities, scientists, business forces, localcommunities, and stakeholders. Thus, the application of the Framework for effective managementevaluation for Vietnams Biosphere Reserves in the process of building mid-term 5-year and periodic10-year reports as well as the operation process and leveraging the Biosphere Reserve status oflocalities and countries, will help provide an accurate and objective description of the landscape ofVietnams 11 Biosphere Reserves.Keywords: Biosphere reserve; Evaluation framework; Effective management of the BiosphereReserves; Effective coordination of Cu Lao Cham - Hoi An Biosphere Reserve.18 T. Q. Hoc et al. / VNU Journal of Science: Policy and Management Studies, Vol. 40, No. 1 (2024) 16-39 Quản lý các khu dự trữ sinh quyển thế giới ở Việt Nam: Nghiên cứu điển hình tại khu dự trữ sinh quyển Cù Lao Chàm - Hội An Trương Quang Học1, Lê Ngọc Thảo2,*, Hoàng Thị Ngọc Hà3 Viện Tài nguyên và Môi trư ...