Study of interfaces in polymer-metal oxide films and free-volume hole using low-energy positron lifetime measurements

This is mainly due to the appearance of a rod like structure on neat PS which has improved the dispersion as well as provides a higher interface area that enhanced the UV-absorption efficiency of the PS matrix. This analysis is equally supported by the PALS study where the free volume was closely associated with the interfacial interaction between the filler and the PS matrix.
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Study of interfaces in polymer-metal oxide films and free-volume hole using low-energy positron lifetime measurements Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices 4 (2019) 413e419 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsamdOriginal ArticleStudy of interfaces in polymer-metal oxide films and free-volume holeusing low-energy positron lifetime measurementsAman Deep Acharya a, b, Bhawna Sarwan a, b, *, Ratnesh Sharma a, S.B. Shrivastava a,Manoj Kumar Rathore ca Vikram University, Ujjain, 456010, MP, Indiab Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, Indiac M.P. Council of Science and Technology, Bhopal, Indiaa r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tArticle history: To reveal how the distribution of different nano fillers affect the UV-shielding efficiency of their polymer-Received 5 February 2019 based composites and to further develop a simple strategy to refrain the erection of the composites, weReceived in revised form prepared ZnO doped polystyrene (PS/ZnO) and TiO2 doped polystyrene (PS/TiO2) films by the solution28 July 2019 cast technique with different concentrations of ZnO and TiO2 (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%.). Contrary to theAccepted 10 August 2019Available online 16 August 2019 common observation, the better tunability for UV shielding efficiency was found in the case of TiO2 as compared to ZnO. This is mainly due to the appearance of a rod like structure on neat PS which has improved the dispersion as well as provides a higher interface area that enhanced the UV-absorptionKeywords:Polystyrene thin films efficiency of the PS matrix. This analysis is equally supported by the PALS study where the free vol-ZnO ume was closely associated with the interfacial interaction between the filler and the PS matrix. TheseTiO2 observations recommend that the better dispersion of filler particles leads a stronger interfacial inter-Positron annihilation action and enhances the UV-protection efficiency of the composite materials.Free volume hole © 2019 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Vietnam National University, Hanoi.Interfacial interaction This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Solution cast method1. Introduction process in engineering materials it is important to predict the weakness and failure of the material. This work is consequential for Previously, our group has successfully prepared TiO2/PS films the final understanding of the UV-shielding efficiency bywith concentrations up to 1 wt % by the solution cast method in the comparing its results with those of a widely studied material asdevelopment of photo-protective polymeric materials for the pro- ZnO. The very extensively studied inorganic materials ZnO and TiO2tection against ultraviolet radiation. Interestingly, the as-prepared with a wide band-gap energy of 3 eV have been expansively used asthin films have shown a tremendous UV-shielding proficiency inorganic UV absorbers due to their significant optical properties[1,2]. These results suggested to pursue a further study on the re- [3]. Consequently, such polymer nanocomposites have beenlationships among the atomic free volume and the interfacial regarded as excellent candidates for UV shielding applications. As ainteraction between the filler particles and the PS matrix. Contrary matter of fact, the extraordinary properties of the polymer nano-to the common observations where numerous approaches have composite include the dispersion of the nanoparticles in the matrixbeen made for the development of ZnO doped composites as a and the subsequent growth of enormous interfacial areas. Thisbetter UV protective material, in our previous study TiO2 has complete dispersion allows the exploration of the availableexpressed a better harmony for the efficient UV shielding which we matrixeparticle interface and then the optimization of thewill incorporate in the present work as a comparative study. To organiceinorganic interaction which is accountable for theanalyze the imperfections produced at the early stage of the improved properties of the final material. Nevertheless, there have been less reported on the research efforts in this area especially ...