Summary of chemistry doctoral thesis: Study on chemical constituents and biological activities from the leaves of Excoecaria agallocha L. and Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour.

The objectives of the thesis: Isolation and determination of chemical structures of the isolated compounds from the leaves of Excoecaria agallocha L. and Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour.; studied the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities of the isolated compounds to find the bioactive compounds.
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Summary of chemistry doctoral thesis: Study on chemical constituents and biological activities from the leaves of Excoecaria agallocha L. and Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. 1 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION VIETNAM ACADEMY OF AND TRAINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY GRADUATE UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND ECHNOLOGY ------------------------ Lai Hop Hieu STUDY ON CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES FROM THE LEAVES OF EXCOECARIA AGALLOCHA L. AND EXCOECARIA COCHINCHINENSIS Lour. Major: Organic chemistry Code: 9.44.01.14 SUMMARY OF CHEMISTRY DOCTORAL THESIS Hanoi – 2021 2 This thesis was completed at: Graduate University Science and Technology - Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Adviser 1: Prof. Dr. Ngo Dai Quang Adviser 2: Dr. Nguyen Van Thanh 1st Reviewer: …………………………………………………….... 2nd Reviewer: : ……………………………………………………. 3rd Reviewer: : …………………………………………………….. The thesis will be defended at Graduate University of Science and Technology - Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, at hour date month 2021. Thesis can be found in: - The library of the Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology - National Library 1 INTRODUCTION 1. The urgency of the thesis Throughout human history, marine microorganisms and natural plants have become potential sources in the discovery of novel drugs for the treatment of human diseases. Nowadays, more than 70% of anti- cancer drugs in the market are derived from natural products or synthesized based on the structure of natural compounds. Besides cancer, which is a major issue of concern for scientists, the emergence of antibiotic drug resistance is also a big threat to human health worldwide. Antibiotic drug resistance occurs when microorganisms such as viruses, fungi or parasites change their mechanism of action in response to the existing antimicrobial treatments. Several factors contribute to antibiotic resistance such as the overuse/misuse of antibiotics and the self-medication with antibiotics. The important role of natural bioactive compounds has been investigated from traditional medicine to modern medicine. Their value is not only for direct use as a medicine but also as a structure lead compound for the discovery and development of new drugs. In an attempt to investigate and research medicinal materials for public health care programs, the study on natural compounds which exhibit several biological activities such as cytotoxicity, anti-cancer, anti- microorganisms... for treatment of cancer and antibiotic multidrug- resistance is one of the main goals of scientists around the world. Marine organisms and mangrove plants raise much attention to the scientists in the field of biomedicine and pharmacology. Several studies have been carried out to investigate new bioactive compounds derived from mangrove plants. Therefore, the thesis namely “Study on chemical constituents and biological activities from the leaves of Excoecaria agallocha L. and Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour.” was conducted to investigate potential bioactive compounds from E. agallocha and E. cochinchinensis in order to demonstrate more clearly the therapeutic uses in traditional medicine and increase the scientific value of these plants in Vietnam. 2. The objectives of the thesis  Isolation and determination of chemical structures of the isolated compounds from the leaves of Excoecaria agallocha L. and Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. 2  Studied the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities of the isolated compounds to find the bioactive compounds. 3. The main contents of the thesis  Isolation of compounds from the leaves of Excoecaria agallocha and E. cochinchinensis using various chromatographic separations. Determination of chemical structures of the isolated compounds.  Evaluation of the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities of the isolated metabolites to find out potential compounds. CHAPTER I. OVERVIEW This chapter presents the overview of domestic and international studies related to the chemical compositions and biological activities of E. agallocha and E. cochinchinensis. CHAPTER II. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY II.1. Research objective Figure II.1. E. agallocha Figure II.2. E. cochinchinensis The leaves of E. agallocha were collected in Xuan Thuy, Nam Dinh, Vietnam in July 2013. The leaves of E. cochinchinensis were collected in Van Giang, Hung Yen, Vietnam in April 2016. Two samples were identified by Dr. Nguyen The Cuong, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, VAST. The voucher specimens were deposited at the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources and Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, Vietnam. 3 II.2. Research methodology II.2.1. Methods for extraction The samples were cut into pieces and extracted three times with MeOH at room temperature (for 3 days) or in an ultrasonic bath (three times, each time 45 min). Evaporation of the solvent in vacuo obtained a residue, which was suspended in distilled water and partitioned in turn with n-hexane, CH2Cl2, and EtOAc. 2.2.2. Methods for metabolites isolation Combining a number of chromatographic methods including thin- layer chromatography (TLC), column chromatography (CC), silica gel, RP-18, and Sephadex LH-20... II.2.2. Methods for determination of the chemical structure of compounds The general method used to determine the chemical structure of compounds is the combination b ...