Summary of doctoral thesis in Chemistry: Research on the development of analytical method for methyl mercury in biological and environmental samples in Than Sa gold mine, Thai Nguyen

Research to develop an analytical method for methyl mercury in biological samples with high sensitivity, selectivity, and accuracy; research and assessment of the transformation and bioaccumulation of mercury in sediment and biological samples in Than Sa gold mining area, Vo Nhai district, Thai Nguyen province.
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Summary of doctoral thesis in Chemistry: Research on the development of analytical method for methyl mercury in biological and environmental samples in Than Sa gold mine, Thai Nguyen MINISTRY OF EDUCATION VIETNAM ACADEMY OF AND TRAINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY GRADUATE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PHAN THANH PHƢƠNG RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR METHYL MERCURY IN BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES IN THAN SA GOLD MINE, THAI NGUYEN Major: Analytical Chemistry Code: 9.44.01.18 SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS IN CHEMISTRY HANOI - 2019 The work was completed at: Graduate University of Science and Technology – Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Scientific advisors: 1. Assoc. Dr. Vu Duc Loi 2. Assoc. Dr. Le Lan Anh Reviewer 1:……………………………………………… Reviewer 2:……………………………………………… Reviewer 3:………………………………………………. The thesis will be defended in front of Academy-level Doctoral Committee at: Graduate University of Science and Technology – Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology At … hour … date… month … year 2019 Thesis can be further referred at: - The Library of Graduate University of Science and Technology - National Library of Vietnam LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 1. Vũ Đức Lợi, Dương Tuấn Hưng, Nguyễn Thị Vân, Phan Thanh Phƣơng, “Phân tích thủy ngân oxit (HgO) và thủy ngân sunfua (HgS) trong trầm tích thuộc lưu vực sông Nhuệ và sông Đáy”, Tạp chí phân tích Hóa, Lý và Sinh học, 2015, Tập 20 (4), 135-142 2. Mineshi Sakamoto, Nozomi Tatsuta, Kimiko Izumo, Phuong Thanh Phan, Loi Duc Vu, Megumi Yamamoto, Masaki Nakamura, Kunihiko Nakai, Katsuyuki Murata, Health Impacts and Biomarkers of Prenatal Exposure to Methylmercury: Lessons from Minamata, Japan, Toxics, 2018, 6 (3), 45 3. Vu Duc Loi, Duong Tuan Hung, Phan Thanh Phuong, “Mercury pollution due to gold mining activities in Thai Nguyen province”, Food Control Conference 2018, 4-5th October 2018, Hanoi, Vietnam. 4. Vũ Đức Lợi, Dương Tuấn Hưng, Nguyễn Thị Vân, Phan Thanh Phƣơng. “Nghiên cứu phương pháp xác định hàm lượng metyl thủy ngân trong mẫu sinh học bằng phương pháp quang phổ hấp thụ nguyên tử kỹ thuật hóa hơi lạnh (CV - AAS)”, Tạp chí phân tích Hóa, Lý và Sinh học, 2019, Tập 24 (3), 111-117. 5. Phan Thanh Phƣơng, Vũ Đức Lợi, Dương Tuấn Hưng, Nguyễn Thị Vân. “Đánh giá mức độ ô nhiễm metyl thủy ngân trong trầm tích suối Nước Đục thuộc xã Thần Sa, huyện Võ Nhai, tỉnh Thái Nguyên”, Tạp chí phân tích Hóa, Lý và Sinh học, 2019, Tập 24 (3), 123-129. 1 INTRODUCTION Environmental pollution is a global problem that is concerned by all countries and many scientists. Among the pollutants present in the environment, heavy metals, especially mercury, play an important role in the processes of transformation and bioaccumulation, when penetrating into the body, heavy metals will cause a great negative impact on human health, so they are considered as one of the causes of cancer and other serious diseases. Mercury toxicity depends on its speciation; organic mercury is more toxic than inorganic mercury and the most toxic form of mercury is methyl mercury (CH3Hg+), which accumulates in fish and animal cells. Methyl mercury is soluble in fat, the fat fraction of membranes and in the cerebrospinal fluid. The most dangerous property of methyl mercury is its ability to move across the blood - brain membrane and penetrate into the fetal tissue through the placenta. There have been many cases of mercury poisoning occurring on a large scale in the world. During 1953 - 1960 in Minamata City, Japan about 2955 people had been poisoned with mercury. Among those infected, 45 died. Genetic defects have been observed in newborn children whose mothers ate seafood harvested from the bay. In 1972, in Iraq, 459 farmers died after ingesting pesticides contaminated with mercury. Mercury is used in many industries such as chemicals, fertilizers, plastics, electrical engineering, electronics, paint, gold splitting in placer ores, manufacture of fluorescent lamps, batteries, thermometers, sphygmomanometer, cosmetics… According to a report of the Vietnam Chemical Agency - Ministry of Industry and Trade, in 2016, Vietnam had 4 main industries related to mercury use and emissions, including the manufacture and use of lighting equipment, burning coal from the factory, using it in the field of health and artisanal and small-scale gold mining, our country annually emits about 49,131 kg of mercury into the environment. In the environment, mercury is transformed into its other speciation by the activities of nature and humans, mercury is released into the atmosphere by various sources, then dispersed and deposited into land, mercury is stored and metabolized in soil and water. Biological conversion of inorganic mercury compounds to methyl mercury compounds can occur in sediments, in water, and in organisms. The process of mercury methylation is the most important factor that contributes to the introduction of mercury into the food chain. Artisanal and small-scale gold mining uses metal mercury to create amalgams, but 2 methyl mercury has been discovered in sediments in the mining area. The transformation of mercury speciation in the gold mining area is very complicated, the research on methylation and bioaccumulation of mercury in fish and benthos in these areas is limited. On the other hand, there is no manual procedure for methyl mercury analysis in sediments and biological samples in Vietnam. Therefore, we have chosen the thesis research entitled “Research on the development of analy ...