Summary of doctoral thesis: Research on selection and breeding of maize hybrid varieties with high yield, cold-endurability suitably to production conditions in Red River Delta

Evaluating the growing, developing and agronomic characteristics of several inbred maize lines in order to select successfully the researched maize family which is early mature and cold endurable, high yield and high combination possibility for maize variety breeding and selecting affairs with cold-endurability and high yield; evaluating the agro-biological characteristics, genetic diversity between lines, creating a hybrid combination with cold-endurability and high yield.
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Summary of doctoral thesis: Research on selection and breeding of maize hybrid varieties with high yield, cold-endurability suitably to production conditions in Red River Delta MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND TRAINING AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VIETNAM ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ***************** PHAM THANH THUY RESEARCH ON SELECTION OF HIGH-YIELD, COLD-TOLERANT HYBRID CORN BREEDING SUITABLE FOR PRODUCTION CONDITIONS IN THE RED RIVER DELTA Ranch of Study: Genetic - Plant Breeding Code: 96 20 111 SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS Hanoi - 2021 This theisis is completed at: VIETNAM ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Science Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Sc. Tran Dinh Long Critic 1: .................................................................................................................... Critic 2: .................................................................................................................... The thesis will be defended before the Council for thesis assessment at Institutional-level held at Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences. At……..o’clock……….day ……… month …….. year 2021 This Thesis can be referred to at: 1. National Library of Vietnam 2. Library of Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences 3. Library of Maize Research Institute of Vietnam 1 INTRODUCTION 1. The urgency of thesis Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of three most important cereal grains which provide food for human and livestock. In addition, maize is also a foodstuff crop providing baby maize ear as high-ranking vegetable, white maize, sweet maize for eating freshly, making maize milk and drinks and canned foods. In addition, maize also provides material for factories producing food, foodstuff, pharmaceutical products, and light industry, especially ideal materials for biological energy. Maize is also the valuable agricultural commodity for export, and brings foreign currencies for many countries and territories. Maize was brought into our country about 300 years ago (Ngo Huu Tinh, 2009) and among food plants, maize is ranked in the second position after rice. However, the maize yield of our country is still lower than average yield of the world, for example: In 2013, its average yield was 4.43 tons/ha in comparison with 5.52 tons/ha average yield of world, equally to 80.25% (General Statistics Office of Vietnam, 2014); In 2018, it reached 4.72 tons/ha in comparison with 5.92 tons/ha, equally to 79.7% (General Statistics Office of Vietnam, 2019; FAO, 2018). About domestic maize yield, although the speed increases rather fast, it still does not satisfy because the consumption demand increases highly, for example, in the crop year 2016/ 2017, the maize demand of our country was 12.9 million tons, we imported 8.5 million tons of maize; in the crop year 2019/ 2020, the demand was 15.4 million tons, we imported 11.5 million tons (USDA, 2020). Therefore, we can see that the increase of domestic maize yield for satisfying domestic demand and limiting import is a challenge of agriculture. However, about area, the maize planting regions with big area and maize yield are currently narrowed, because several other plants with higher economic value replace a part of maize area (typically as Son La). Consequently, in addition to utilizing absolutely regions where maize can be planted, it should apply the modern, synchronous mechanizing; crop re-structuring, technological progress applying, variety breeding and selecting methods should be applied to have new seeds suitable to each crop and ecological region to have high yield and big maize output. The winter crop after two rice crops in Red River Delta is an especially specific crop. After ending the winter rice crop, a part of this rice area will be used to plant vegetable plants, the most of left area is usually not used. This is an opportunity to increase the maize planting area, to increase the maize yield in area with two rice crops in the Northern provinces; especially, now the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has a guideline of developing biomass maize as green food for breeding animal in the winter crop in the Northern provinces. However, during the production process of Winter Crop, the temperature increases gradually in the final months of year, in some years, the temperature decreased to lower than 15oC and the cold spell could lengthen for several weeks, which has significant impacts on plant production in general and maize production in particular. Therefore, to develop strongly 2 the winter maize crop, it should mechanize from planting, caring, harvesting steps to drying, maintaining steps and the most important factor is new maize varieties with good cold- endurability and high yield. To exploiting totally the land potential of Winter Crop and improving the yield and to increase the maize output of Red River Delta, to satisfy the maize demand for animal food, especially biomass maize as green food for cattle in the cold winter of Northern Vietnam, to solve the matters on arranging plants, it is very important to strengthen the researching affairs to select and breed new early maturing maize varieties with good cold-endurability and high yield. Therefore, the scientific thesis “Research on selection and breeding of maize hybrid varieties with high yield, cold-endurability suitably to production conditions in Red River Delta“ is necessary. 2. Targets and requirements of thesis 2.1. Targets Selecting 1 - 2 potential maize hybrid combinations to develop the hybrid variety with high yield, cold-endurability, adding into variety for maize producti ...