The impact of migration on rice farming technical efficiency in Indonesia

This study investigates the impact of migration on rice farming Technical efficiency in the Rokan Hulu District Indonesia. It as a measure of rice farming performance and a way to raise productivity without an increase in the inputs used.
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The impact of migration on rice farming technical efficiency in IndonesiaInternational Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET)Volume 10, Issue 03, March 2019, pp. 1703-1712. Article ID: IJMET_10_03_172Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION ON RICE FARMING TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY IN INDONESIA Defidelwina* Ph.D Candidate on Agricultural Science Study Program, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Pasir Pengaraian, Riau, Indonesia Jamhari, Lestari Rahayu Waluyati and Sri Widodo Agricultural Science Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia *Corresponding Author ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of migration on rice farming Technical efficiency in the Rokan Hulu District Indonesia. It as a measure of rice farming performance and a way to raise productivity without an increase in the inputs used. We investigate and discuss the technical efficiency of migrants and indigenous farmers in terms of characteristics and socio-economic conditions. We argue that it contributes to the policy-making basis in increasing rural economic growth. Furthermore, existing research focuses on rural-urban migration. But, we rarely found the literature on reverse flows and its impact, especially staple food crops. The primary data were obtained from interviews and analyzed using one step stochastic frontier production function. The study shows that migration has a negative impact on technical efficiency and indigenous farmers are more technically efficient than migrant ones. The rice farmers are expected to increase their average technical efficiency level by 13%. To reach their potential production, the farmers must improve their labor management. Key words: Technical efficiency, stochastic frontier, indigenous farmers, migrant. Cite this Article Defidelwina, Jamhari, Lestari Rahayu Waluyati and Sri Widodo, the Impact of Migration on Rice Farming Technical Efficiency in Indonesia, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 10(3), 2019, pp. 1703-1712. http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3 http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 1703 editor@iaeme.com Defidelwina, Jamhari, Lestari Rahayu Waluyati and Sri Widodo1. INTRODUCTIONMigration and agriculture are influenced by each other. Migration can occur in two directions,come or out of the agricultural sector. In General, it causes by the pull factors such asopportunities for economic improvement, social encouragement, political environment [1],education, health and job [2]. So, migration policy and agricultural development have becometopical issues of interest to many researchers [3]. Whether migration will improve or worsen the conditions of agricultural households andtheir communities, in the long run, the question that cannot be answered in a short time [4]. Theconditions of agricultural households will depend on the sustainability of the farming theymanage which is reflected in how farm perform. One measure of farm performance is technical efficiency. Technical efficiency refers tohow land to get the maximum output from a bundle of inputs based on certain productiontechnologies[5];[6]. In case, assuming that the input used is the same, farming that is technicallyinefficient tends to get lower production than to technically efficient ones. This means,technically efficiency can raise farm productivity without having to increase the number ofinput costs. Technical efficiency decision is very relevant to be used to increase productivity inthe limited economic conditions of the community. In addition, measuring the technicalefficiency of the farming will provide important information to decision-makers in formulatingagricultural policies [7];[8]. Some researchers have examined the effects of migration on technical efficiency. [9] usethe characteristics of stochastic frontier on average output and the level of technical efficiency.[10] investigated the impact of international migration on technical efficiency, allocation ofresources and income from agricultural production in Albania. [11] investigated the relationshipbetween labor migration and agricultural production through its technical efficiency. [12] usesa two-stage frontier estimation technique to capture the effects of migration on agriculturalefficien ...