Tóm tắt Luận án tiến sĩ Y học: Nutritional status and effectiveness of iron and zinc fortified rice in children aged from 36 to 2 under 60 months in Vu Thu district, Thai Binh province

Therefore, we conducted the topic: "Nutritional status and effectiveness of iron and zinc fortified rice in children aged from 36 to 2 under 60 months in Vu Thu district, Thai Binh province" with the following objectives: To determine the rate of malnutrition, the prevalence of anemia, in children aged from 36 to under 60 months and some related factors in Vu Thu district, Thai Binh province. To analyzie characteristics of diets and prevalence of iron and zinc deficiency in children aged from 36 to under 60 months;
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Tóm tắt Luận án tiến sĩ Y học: Nutritional status and effectiveness of iron and zinc fortified rice in children aged from 36 to 2 under 60 months in Vu Thu district, Thai Binh province 1 INTRODUCTION Children’s growth is governed by many factors: genetic and externalfactors including nutrition. Proper nutrition is an important environmentalfactor for the growth and control of health and disease in the life cycle stages.Investing in nutrition and diet throughout the life cycle brings about not onlyeconomic benefits but also practical social meaning such as saving the cost ofmedical care, increasing the intellectual capacity and productivity of adults.Nutrition is the foundation for the development of strength, health, wisdom,stature of children. When it comes to malnutrition, experts say its not just about hunger butalso implies the notion of latent hunger or lack of essential micronutrientssuch as Vitamin D, A, iron and zinc. This is a meaningful public health issue,in which high-risk groups of getting malnutrition are women and children,especially children under 5. Survey data from the National Institute of Nutritionshow that the rate of micronutrient deficiency in children is over 30%. Micronutrient deficiencies can be completely prevented and eliminatedif those with high risk of malnutrition are constantly exposed to a smallamount of micronutrients. To prevent micronutrient deficiency, manysolutions can be implemented including solutions to enhance themicronutrients in food. Foods that are fortified with micronutrients are oftenfoods that are often used by people. Micronutrient Intake is a viable andsustainable intervention to improve micronutrient deficiency. Thai Binh is an agricultural province and rice is the main source of foodfor the people. So far, there have been no studies to evaluate the effect ofmulti-micronutrient fortified rice on the health status of people in general andchildren in particular. The assessment of the effectiveness of multi-micronutrient fortified rice use for children is essential as a basis for thedevelopment of appropriate policies on multi-micronutrient enhancement inrice in Vietnam. Therefore, we conducted the topic: Nutritional status andeffectiveness of iron and zinc fortified rice in children aged from 36 to 2under 60 months in Vu Thu district, Thai Binh province with the followingobjectives: 1. To determine the rate of malnutrition, the prevalence of anemia, inchildren aged from 36 to under 60 months and some related factors in Vu Thudistrict, Thai Binh province. 2. To analyzie characteristics of diets and prevalence of iron and zincdeficiency in children aged from 36 to under 60 months 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of iron and zinc fortified rice to improvenutritional status in children aged from 36 to under 60 months. NEW CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE DISSERTATION - The dissertation has provided additional data on child malnutritionsituation in Thai Binh province and identified the prevalence of zinc, irondeficiency and low iron stores in children aged 36-60 months, which are thebasis for proposing interventions to improve childhood micronutrientdeficiencies. - Rice is the staple food of Vietnamese people. Iron and zinc fortified riceis a solution that can accessible to all populations. - Research has shown that the use of iron and zinc fortified rice inchildrens diets has improved their diets, increased serum zinc levels,increased iron status and reduced the incidence of iron and zinc deficiency.These factors contributed to the rapid improvement of the childs physicaldevelopment and served as a basis for confirming the GovernmentsRegulation No. 09/2016 ND-CP dated January 28, 2016 on the promotion ofmicronutrient fortified in food is very important and needs to be developed ona nationwide scale. LAYOUT OF THE DISSERTATION The dissertation consists of 115 pages, 31 tables, 4 charts, and 139references including Vietnamese ones and foreign ones. There are 2 pagebackgound, Literature review 31 page, Research methodology 23 pages,research results 28 page, discussion 28 pages, conclusion and 3 pagerecommendations. 3 CHAPTER 1. LITERATURE REVIEW1.1. Current situation of child malnutrition and some related factors1.1.1. Malnutrition status of children in the world From 576 representative surveys of the countries and territories between1990 and 2010, it is shown that in 1990 the world rate of stunted childrenunder age 5 accounted for about 40%. This rate in Latin America and theCaribbean was 24.6%. The stunting rate in Asia in 1990 was 48.4%;developing countries 44.6%; developed countries 6.1%. By 2010, the stuntingrate in children worldwide has dropped from 39.7% to 26.7% However, thereis a significant difference in the rate of stunting among regions. In Africa, thestunting rate is almost unchanged that after 20 years, the stunting rate hasfluctuated around 40%, while Asia has experienced dramatic changes, thestunting rate reduced significantly 49% in 1990 to 28% in 2010. However, inmost developing countries, stunting rate remains a significant public healthproblem in the present. About 80 percent of stunting children under the age offive are in 14 countries, of which the countries with the highest rate ofstunting children under five are East Timor, Burundi, Niger and Madagascar,Bangladesh, Cambodia, Camarun, Ethiopia. By 2012, the overall stunting rateworldwide was around 25.0%, of which 56% is in Asia and 36% in Africa. By2015, 156 million children suffered from stunting, accounting for 23% of allchildren under 5 years of age. There is evidence that although the number ofunder-fiv ...