Vẽ chì - Cơ bản về vẽ cơ thể người

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Vẽ chì - Cơ bản về vẽ cơ thể người FORMING Brenda Hoddinott P-11 INTERMEDIATE: PEOPLE A person’s head, arms, and legs are all connected to the major body structure, known as the torso (or trunk). This article introduces the major forms of the adult torso that are important when you want to draw a human figure well. You follow along with step-by-step illustrations, and outline the various forms of adult torsos in their proper locations. Finally, four worksheets test your memory of the shapes and locations of the forms. This article is divided into the following four sections: DIVERSITY AND GENDER DIFFERENCES: Even though all torsos are made up of similar parts, the bodies of human beings are innately diverse. EXAMINING THE FORMS OF TORSOS: The key to drawing figures well is to be able to visually identify the locations and shapes of the exterior forms of the body, as defined by the individual’s fat, bones, and muscles. SKETCHING TORSOS FROM THE FRONT: You rely on your vision rather than text instructions to outline frontal views of male and female torsos, and sketch the shapes of the primary forms in their correct places. SKETCHING TORSOS FROM BEHIND: You outline rear views of male and female torsos, and then outline the primary forms. SKETCHING FORMS ON YOUR OWN: You lightly sketch the outlines of the forms of torsos on four worksheets, and try your hand at adding shading to each with curved crosshatching lines. You need a few different grades of pencils, erasers, good quality drawing paper (if you decide to refer to this lesson to do additional drawings), and a pencil sharpener. This article is recommended for fine art educators, and artists of all ages who have an interest in drawing human figures. 15 PAGES – 24 ILLUSTRATIONS Published by Hoddinott Fine Art Publishers, Halifax, NS, Canada – 2006 -2- DIVERSITY AND GENDER DIFFERENCES A person’s head, arms, and legs are all connected to the major body structure, known as the torso (or trunk). Even though all torsos are made up of similar parts, such as the neck, ribcage, pelvis, and spinal column, the bodies of human beings are innately diverse. The following sketch demonstrates a very tiny sampling of the various heights and body structures of adult males and females. As you can see, their torsos vary in both shape and size. ILLUSTRATION 11-01 In addition to the diversity of the human race as a whole, the torsos of men and women are anatomically and visually different from one another. Generally speaking (of course) women’s torsos tend to differ from those of men in the following ways: Women are not as tall; hence, their torsos are shorter. The bones and muscles of adult females are less visible, because they have more body fat than males; hence, their torsos appear rounder and softer. Women’s bone structures are smaller, and their muscles are less developed. Adult females have proportionately higher and longer waists, and fuller lower buttocks. Women’s hips and thighs are wider. Their necks are more slender, and their shoulders are not as wide. ILLUSTRATION 11-02 Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web sites http://www.finearteducation.com and http://www.drawspace.com -3- EXAMINING THE FORMS OF TORSOS First and foremost, I have no intentions of boring you with the names of the bones and muscles of the human body. Besides, even if I knew all those names, I certainly wouldn’t be able to spell them! Knowing these names won’t help you draw them better, anyway. The key to drawing figures well is to be able to visually identify the locations and shapes of the exterior forms of the body, as defined by the individual’s fat, bones, and muscles. I’m not a big fan of what present-day society deems as an ideal body; I prefer to appreciate all human bodies, each inherently beautiful in its uniqueness. This being said, not many individuals have bodies that are as highly developed as those in this lesson. However, my goal is to show you the shapes and locations of the major forms of human torsos; hence, I took the liberty of using generic bodies with exaggerated forms. In the next illustration, simple outline ...