Phân tích tư tưởng của nhân dân qua đoạn thơ: Những người vợ nhớ chồng… Những cuộc đời đã hóa sông núi ta trong Đất nước của Nguyễn Khoa Điềm
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Bài 4 trình bày về lập trình hướng đối tượng "object oriented programming". Nội dung chính trong chương này gồm có: Class, visibility, properties & methods, Getter & getter, create objects, constructor, destructor, inheritance, abstract class, interfaces, autoloading classes, anonymous functions, closures, namespace. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo.
Nội dung trích xuất từ tài liệu:
Bài giảng Phát triển phần mềm nguồn mở: Bài 4 - Nguyễn Hữu Thể
PHÁT TRIỂN PHẦN MỀM NGUỒN MỞ
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Nguyễn Hữu Thể
Content
1. Class
2. Visibility
3. Properties & Methods
4. Getter & Setter
5. Create objects
6. Constructor
7. Destructor
8. Inheritance
9. Abstract class
10. Interfaces
11. Autoloading classes
12. Anonymous functions
13. Closures
14. Namespace
2
Class
class ClassName
{
// Properties
// Methods
}
3
Visibility (public, private, protected)
Three levels:
• public
• private
• protected
By default, all class members are public.
4
Properties & Methods
class Person
{
private $name; //public, protected
private $age;
public function show(){
echo $this->name . ' is ' . $this->age . ' years old!';
}
}
5
Create objects
(Create a new instance of the class)
Using the new keyword:
new ClassName()
For example:
$person = new PerSon();
$person2 = new PerSon();
6
Getter & Setter
PHP JAVA
class Person class Person
{ {
private $name; private String name;
private $age; private int age;
public function getName(){ public String getName(){
return $this->name; return name;
} }
public function setName($name){ public void setName(String name){
$this->name = $name; this.name = name;
} }
public function getAge(){ public int getAge(){
return $this->age; return age;
} }
public function setAge($age){ public void setAge(int age){
$this->age = $age; this.age = age;
} }
} }
7
class Person{ Ex: Person.php
private $name;
private $age;
public function getName(){
return $this->name;
}
public function setName($name){
$this->name = $name;
}
public function getAge(){
return $this->age;
}
public function setAge($age){
$this->age = $age;
}
public function show(){
echo $this->name . ' is ' . $this->age . ' years old!';
}
$p = new Person();
}
$p->setName('Nguyễn Văn A');
$p->setAge(18);
echo $p->getName() . ' is ' . $p->getAge() . ' years old.';
//echo '{$p->getName()} is {$p->getAge()} years old.';
$p->show(); 8
__set() method
class SetName {
public function __set($variable, $value) {
// echo $variable;
echo 'My ' . $variable . ' is ' . $value . '\n';
}
}
$obj = new SetName ();
$obj->Name = ‘Tom';
$obj->Name = ‘Jerry';
My Name is Tom
My Name is Jerry
9
__get() method
class GetName {
public $type = 'chocolate';
public $choctype = array (
'milk' => 0,
'dark' => 1,
'plain' => 2
);
public function wrap() {
echo 'Its a wrap';
}
public function __get($index) {
echo '$choctype property with index of: ' . $index . '';
return $this->choctype [$index];
}
}
$candy = new GetName ();
// set a non existant property
echo 'Value of property is: ' . $candy->milk; $choctype property with index of: milk
10
Value of property is: 0
Constructor
public function __construct() {
//...
}
public function __construct($name, $age) {
//...
}
11
Constructor
class Person{
private $name;
private $age;
public function __construct($name, $age) {
$this->name = $name;
$this->age = $age;
}
public function show(){
echo $this->name . ' is ' . $this->age . ' years old!';
}
}
$p = new Person('Nguyễn Trần Lê', 18);
$p->show();
12
Destructor
public function __destruct() {
//...
}
Example:
public function __destruct() {
echo 'Bye bye!';
//...
}
Using:
$p = new Person('Nguyễn Trần Lê', 18);
unset( $p ); // or exit: call __destruct() object
$p->show(); // Object not found
13
Inheritance
class ParentClass {
public function myMethod() {
// Method code here
}
}
class ChildClass extends ParentClass {
public function myMethod() {
// For ChildClass objects, this method is called
...
