Báo cáo khoa học: Sentence-For-Sentence Translation: An Example

A computer program for the mechanical translation into English of an infinite subset of the set of all Arabic sentences has been written and tested. This program is patterned after Victor H. Yngves framework for syntactic translation.
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Sentence-For-Sentence Translation: An Example" [Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 8, No. 2, February 1965] Sentence-For-Sentence Translation: An Example* by Arnold C. Satterthwait, Computing Center, Washington State University A computer program for the mechanical translation into English of an infinite subset of the set of all Arabic sentences has been written and tested. This program is patterned after Victor H. Yngves framework for syntactic translation. The paper presents a generalized technique for thorough syntactic parsing of sentences by the immediate constituent method, a generalized structural transfer routine, and a consideration of the elements which must be included in a statement of structural equiv- alence with examples drawn from such a statement and the accompany- ing bilingual dictionary. Yngves mechanism for the production of sen- tences is expanded by the introduction of a stimulator which brings stimuli external to the mechanism into effective participation in the con- struction of specifiers for the production of sentences. The paper includes a discussion of the requirement that a basic vocabulary for the output sentence be selected in the mechanical translation process before the specifier of that sentence is constructed. The procedure for the morpho- logical parsing of Arabic words is also presented. The paper ends with a brief discussion of ambiguity. tural equivalence. As a result of this comparison andIntroduction subsequent operations, the specific orders which willThe research discussed in this paper has resulted in produce the English sentence equivalent to the Arabicthe preparation of a working computer program which are selected.is the first example of sentence-for-sentence mechani- Yngves theory2 develops a context-free phrase-struc-cal translation applying Victor Yngves process. Of this ture grammar which provides for the production of dis-process Yngve has written, continuous constituents in the sentence-construction grammar and for their recognition in the sentence- Translation is conceived of as a three-step process: recognition of the structure of the incoming text in recognition grammar. Details of the theory for the sen- terms of a structural specifier; transfer of this specifier tence-construction grammar as developed for the me- into a structural specifier in the other language; and chanical translation program presented here, the struc- construction to order of the output text specified.1 ture of the rules and so on are fully discussed in my first report.3 Yngves process requires a grammar of the inputlanguage and a recognition routine, a statement of The sentences which the computer under control ofstructural equivalence between the two languages and the current program will translate are drawn from thea structural transfer routine, and finally a grammar of subset of Arabic sentences which the Arabic sentence-the output language and a construction routine. construction grammar described previously is capable of producing.3 The procedure by which a sampling of The present program causes the computer to pre-pare in th ...