Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: Seasonal development of female strobilus of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.)

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp Original article đề tài: Seasonal development of female strobilus of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.)...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Seasonal development of female strobilus of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.)"Seasonal development of female strobilusof stone pine (Pinus pinea L.)B. Abellanas J.A. PardosLaboratory of Plant Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Montes, CiudadUniversitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain clone bank locatedIntroduction pinea L. grafts growing in a at Castell6n, Spain. were taken monthly from Buds and strobiliThe stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) prevails July 1988, fixed in FAA (for- 1987 to July malin-acetic acid-ethanol), and stored in 70%as a fruit tree rather than as a timber tree. ethanol until dissection. Then the samples wereTherefore, maximizing cone crops must dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. Serialbe a primary goal for breeding perfor- microtome sections were cut 7-9 pm thick,mance (Pardos and Abellanas, 1988). stained with safranin and fast-green, andEstablishment, by grafting, of clone banks examined under a light microscope.from selected provenances is a valid wayto progress (Magini, 1965). Precise know-ledge of the 4 yr reproductive cycle of this Resultsspecies is necessary for an accurate eval-uation of cone production and manipula-tion of the selected clones in the banks. In April, just after flowering occurred, the development of the new long-shoot bud The object of the research described begins. The apical meristem enlarges andherein was to examine the morphology of initiates primary cataphylls and the firstthe female strobilus and to describe the axillary primordia.phenology of the reproductive cycle fromseed-cone bud initiation to appearance of In July, the axillary primordia begin tothe embryo. form secondary cataphylls, but they do not reach the differentiation stage, into either vegetative or reproductive structures, until December and Janua- December. DuringMaterials and Methods secondary long-shoot buds diffe- ry, the rentiate, i.e., seed-cone buds and lateral- branch buds appear on the upper regionFemale strobili and potentially reproductive of the primary long-shoot bud.buds were collected from randomly selected P. the embryo begins its development, which In February, the different bud types are will be finished at the end of this summer.distinct. At this time, the female budsinitiate the first ovuliferous scales. How-ever, the short-shoot buds are still undif-ferentiated, and appear as simple primor- Discussion and Conclusiondia covered with a number of secondarycataphylls. They continue forming newcataphylls until March, when almost all the pinea L.) has a peculiar The stone pine (P.ovuliferous scales have appeared and the reproductive cycle because it takes oneovules begin to form in their axils. more year to complete than most of other Around late March early April, the or Pinus species (Owens and Molder, 1984;mature seed-cone buds open and pol- Pattinson et al., 1989).lination takes place. Afterwards, the stro- The main conclusion of this study is thatbilus scales enlarge and the cone closes. the phases of female strobilus develop-Near the end of April, a hyaline cell ...