Báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học: Mô hình ăn uống và tình trạng dinh dưỡng của loại 2 bệnh nhân tiểu đường kiểm soát đường huyết ở Nongbualumphu bệnh viện, Thái Lan

Tuyển tập các nghiên cứu khoa học của trường đại học Huế đề tài: "Mô hình ăn uống và tình trạng dinh dưỡng của loại 2 bệnh nhân tiểu đường kiểm soát đường huyết ở Nongbualumphu bệnh viện, Thái Lan"
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Báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học: "Mô hình ăn uống và tình trạng dinh dưỡng của loại 2 bệnh nhân tiểu đường kiểm soát đường huyết ở Nongbualumphu bệnh viện, Thái Lan"JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, Hue University, N0 61, 2010 EATING PATTERNS AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN NONGBUALUMPHU HOSPITAL, THAILAND Muktabhant B Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University Thonguthaisiri A Nongbualumphu Hospital Thailand SUMMARY Introduction: Diabetic patients are requested to control their dietary intake in order tokeep their blood glucose levels at an acceptable level. This study aimed to determine eatingpatterns and the nutritional status of inhabitants of Northeastern Thailand suffering from type 2diabetes with good glycemic control (GC) compared with those with poor glycemic control (PC).Methodology: During 2007, we performed a cross-sectional study of 284 type 2 diabeticpatients who attended diabetic outpatient clinics at Nongbualumphu Hospital, Thailand. 142patients were in each group, GC (HbA1c of 90%) in both the GC and PC groupsate three meals a day. About 70% of GC patients, while 53% of PC patients had breakfast anddinner punctually (precognized as a key component in prevention and management of type 2 diabetes(T2DM). The diabetic patients are therefore requested to control their dietary in order tokeep their blood glucose levels at an acceptable level. However, only 30% of the T2DMpatients in Thailand are good control of their glycemic levels. This study aimed todetermine eating patterns and the nutritional status of inhabitants of NortheasternThailand suffering from type 2 diabetes. Two groups had been compared namelyindividuals with a good- (GC), and those with poor control of their blood glucose levels(PC).2. Methodology During 2007, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 284 diabetic patients,of 142 with good glycemic control and 142 with poor glycemic control. All patients didattend the diabetic outpatient clinics at the Nongbualumphu Hospital, within theprovince of the same name in Thailand. Good glycemic control was defined as HbA1c o f7% was considered as an indication of a poor glycemic control. Faceto face interviews were based on a questionnaire that included eating habits, and foodfrequency information. The weight and height of the patients was measured, and thebody mass index (BMI) was calculated. For classifying the nutritional status, the Asiancriteria was applied in defining a BMI of 18.5 to 22.9 kg/m2 as normal, a BMI of 23.0to 24.9 kg/m2 as overweight and a BMI>25 kg/m2 as obese. The chi-square test wasused to test whether there was a statistically significant difference between the GC andthe PC group or not.3. Results 3.1 Demographics Seventy four percent of individuals in both the GC- and the PC group werefemale. The average age of the patients was 59.7 for the GC and 55.3 years for the PCpatients. Most of the study participants finished primary school. About half of them hadno stable occupation. (Table 1) Table 1. Characteristics of the subjects Characteristics GC group (n=142) PC group (n=142) % % Sex: Male 26.1 26.1 Female 73.9 73.9 Age: X ± SD 59.7 ±10.7 55.3 ± 8.8 Educational level: No school 4.9 7.0 Primary school 90.2 81.0 Secondary school 3.5 9.9 Higher than Secondary school 1.4 2.1 Occupation: No occupation 54.2 48.6 Farmers 27.5 32.4 Merchants 6.3 7.8 Laborers 10.6 5.6 Officers 1.4 5.6 3.2 Eating habits Most of the study participants (>90%) in both groups ate 3 meals a day.Punctuality of meal time was less consistent, with a little less than 70% of the GC group ...