Báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học: Nghiên cứu về sự phổ biến của HBsAg seropositivity ở những người ở Thừa Thiên Huế

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Báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học: "Nghiên cứu về sự phổ biến của HBsAg seropositivity ở những người ở Thừa Thiên Huế"JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, Hue University, N0 61, 2010 STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF HBsAg SEROPOSITIVITY IN PEOPLE IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE Ngo Viet Loc College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University SUMMARY Hepatitis B infection is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). About 400 million peopleacross the world are chronically infected by the hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B is a leading causeof chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, accounting for 1 million deathsannually. In Asia, the rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriage in the generalpopulation ranges from 2% to 20%. The aim of this study were to determine the percentage ofpositive hepatitis B surface antigen of people aged 6 and over in Thua Thien Hue Province.Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted from 2006 to 2008, including2,525 people aged 6 years and over who were living in four ecological areas of Thua Thien HueProvince: mountainous, low land, coastal and Hue city (urban). These people were detected thehepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by enzyme immunoassay and interviewed by questionnaire.Results: The overall prevalence of the HBsAg positive was 16.36%, analysis of sex in the groupof HBsAg positive: the prevalence of HBsAg positive in females was higher than in males(21.14% and 12.05%), HBsAg positive and age groups: the HBsAg positive prevalence was thehighest in the age groups of 20 - 19 (22.34%) and 31 - 40 (20.17%). HBsAg positive andoccupation: the highest prevalence of HBsAg positive (26.43%) was found among manualworkers. HBsAg positive and ecological areas: The prevalence of HBsAg positive in coastalarea was the highest (20.15%). Conclusion: The prevalence of the HBsAg positive of peopleaged 6 and over in Thua Thien Hue province was 16.36%. Accordingly, public measures tocontrol HBV infection are needed. Key word: Infection of HBV1. Introduction Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem and it hasbeen estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) that 2,000 million people (onethird of the worlds population) have been infected worldwide. Hepatitis B infection is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Of these, about400 million people are chronically infected carriers, of which 75% reside in the Asianregion. Of the carriers, 25% are at risk of serious illness and eventual death from 269cirrhosis or hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC). The prevalence of chronic HBV infection is endemic in many countries of Asia andAfrica and it has been estimated as 2.8% in developing countries and 7.6% in developingcountries. HBV infection in the Asia-Pacific region is among the highest in the world, andchronic HBV infection in most of the countries of the Asia-Pacific region is high (>10%prevalence). However, there is a wide variation of HBV infection in the Asia-Pacific Region.The prevalence is low (10%) in Taiwan, southern China, Korea, Philippines, Melanesia, Micronesia andPolynesia. Vietnam is also regarded as a country with a high endemicity of HBV infection.The study of Vietnam National Institute of Hematology and Blood transfusion hasrecorded a HBsAg prevalence of 11.1% in blood donors. Two other studies in Ho ChiMinh City and Ha Noi have given the prevalence of HBsAg been 14.8% and 14.4%. In Thua Thien Hue Province, Nguyen Ngoc Minh et al found the HBsAgprevalence o f 13.57% in blood donors. Pham Van Linh and Tran Thi Minh Diem havegieven the rate of 16.8% in 1,478 aged 3 years and over. Health authorities in Vietnam have taken various steps to control and manageHBV infection. It has been regarded as a priority disease in the National Health Plans. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis Bvirus surface antigen (HBsAg) in people aged 6 years old and over, in Thua Thien HueProvince.2. Methods The descriptive, cross-sectional study from 2006 to January 2008 was carriedout on 2,525 people aged 6 years and over in Thua Thien Hue which is located incentral zone of Vietnam. The study population was randomly selected using stratified sampling to size.The subject matter of ecology of Thua Thien Hue province is normally divided into fourareas: mountainous, low land, coastal and Hue city (urban). Each ecological area wasrandomly selected two communes or two wards. The study population of eachcommune or ward was selected using simple random sampling. These people were detected the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsA ...