Báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học: Thiếu máu, nhiễm trùng giun móc ở phụ nữ trong độ tuổi sinh sản ở các huyện miền núi Nam Đông, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế

Tuyển tập các nghiên cứu khoa học của trường đại học Huế đề tài: Thiếu máu, nhiễm trùng giun móc ở phụ nữ trong độ tuổi sinh sản ở các huyện miền núi Nam Đông, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế...
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Báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học: "Thiếu máu, nhiễm trùng giun móc ở phụ nữ trong độ tuổi sinh sản ở các huyện miền núi Nam Đông, tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế"JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, Hue University, N0 61, 2010 ANEMIA, MEAT CONSUMPTION AND HOOKWORM INFECTION IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN THE NAM DONG MOUNTAINOUS DISTRICT, THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE Nguyen Van Hoa, Vo Van Thang College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University Cynthia Ho VU University Amsterdam SUMMARY Anemia is a public health concern in developing countries, especially among vulnerablepopulations. The prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in therural communes of Vietnam is largely unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence ofanemia related to nutrition among women of reproductive aged living in the mountainouscommunes of the Nam Dong district in Thua Thien Hue province of Vietnam. We have assessedthe prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency, and the nutritional status of these women in acommunity based survey. A cross-sectional study comprised of an administered questionnaire,laboratory analysis of hemoglobin, and serum ferrittin. The Nam Dong district is home to theethnic majority Kinh and ethnic minority Catu and previous studies in this district have reportedgreat differences in the living conditions between these two ethnicities. Of the 425 women,36.9% were anemic and among the anemic women 40.1% were iron deficient, these women wereclassified as iron deficient anemia (IDA). Although no significant association was found in theprevalence of anemia between the two ethnic groups, 40.6% of the minority women hadmoderate anemia and this was 28.0% of the Kinh women. Anemia was associated with the meatconsumption. Efforts to reduce anemia should be targeted at women with low economical andeducational level, having the occupation of farmer and belonging to the Catu ethnicity. Key words: anemia, hookworm, reproductive age, women, ethnic, meat consumption,mountainous.1. Introduction The prevalence of anemia throughout the world is high, and anemia affectsevery segment of the population. The WHO estimates that mild to moderate cases areassociated with reduced physical and mental capacity. Severe cases could result inmorbidity and mortality in all population groups. Consequently, anemia is a publichealth concern in many countries and leads to significant economic losses. Anemia is a 185physical condition that is defined as having a hemeglobulin (Hb) level below athreshold value, which could be caused by several factors. However, nutritional anemiais the most prevalent and especially iron deficiency could contribute to the onset ofanemia. Non-nutritional factors, such as infections with malaria and hookworms andgenetic disorders play an important role as well. Nine out of ten people who suffer fromanemia live in developing countries. In rural areas the prevalence is often higher asnutritional deficiencies and parasitic infection often prevail within the same individualsin these areas. Women and children are at greater risk of developing anemia, because thesegroups are often more vulnerable and have a physical higher need for iron compared tomen. The consequences for them are more severe, during pregnancy anemia could leadto a higher risk of both maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Anemia may haveadverse effects on young children’s cognitive and motor development which areirreversible. Most governments in both developed and developing countries have ironsupplementation programs for pregnant women to reduce maternal anemia. Besides this,in general, women in developing countries have less access to nutritious food, due totheir lower socio-economic position. Women living in rural areas are often involved inheavy physical work, such as farming, which demands more nutritional intake. Hence,non-pregnant women of reproductive age in rural areas might have a higher potential todevelop anemia. Avoiding the onset of anemia in these women may lower the possibilityof developing maternal anemia during pregnancy. Furthermore, anemia can restrictproductivity and therefore negatively affect the economy. The situation of anemia among women in rural Vietnam is similar, especially inthe less developed areas. Surveys conducted in communes reported an averageprevalence of anemia between 37 to 50%, among the studied women. Even though,many studies have tried to identify the risk factors of anemia, few have focused on theunderlying reasons why the study po ...