Báo cáo y học: Dendritic cells: In the forefront of immunopathogenesis and vaccine development – A review.

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Báo cáo y học: "Dendritic cells: In the forefront of immunopathogenesis and vaccine development – A review."Journal of Immune Based Therapiesand Vaccines BioMed Central Open AccessReviewDendritic cells: In the forefront of immunopathogenesis andvaccine development – A reviewMansour Mohamadzadeh*1 and Ronald Luftig2Address: 1Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, USA and 2Department of Microbiology, Immunologyand Parasitology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, USAEmail: Mansour Mohamadzadeh* - mzadeh@tulane.edu; Ronald Luftig - rlufti@lsuhsc.edu* Corresponding authorPublished: 13 January 2004 Received: 03 December 2003 Accepted: 13 January 2004Journal of Immune Based Therapies and Vaccines 2004, 2:1This article is available from: http://www.jibtherapies.com/content/2/1/1© 2004 Mohamadzadeh and Luftig; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are per-mitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the articles original URL.dendritic cellsimmunopathogenesisvaccine developmentTh1/Th2 cellsCD4+ /CD8+ T cellsvaccines Abstract Dendritic cellls (DCs) comprise an essential component of the immune system. These cells, as antigen presenting cells (APCs) to naïve T cells, are crucial in the initiation of antigen specific immune responses. In the past years, several DC subsets have been identified in different organs which exert different effects in order to elicit adaptive immune responses. Thus, identification of such DC subsets has led to a better understanding of their distribution and function in the body. In this review, several key properties of the immunobiology, immunopathogenesis and vaccine strategies using DCs will be discussed. immune responses is due to their ability to deliver specificReviewDendritic cellls (DCs) are a complex, heterogeneous costimulatory signals which are essential for T cell activa-group of multifunctional APCs. DCs are leukocytes, dis- tion from the resting or naive state into distinct classes oftributed throughout lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues, effector cells. These immunogen-specific immunein peripheral blood and afferent lymph vessels [1]. It has responses are critical for example, to tumor resistance,been shown that DCs after activation with different stim- prevention of metastasis, and blocking infections. DCsuli achieve maturation, where they express high levels of also can alter the function of regulatory T cells that controlseveral molecules on the cell surface such as MHC class I activated T cells through their suppressive signals. In addi-and II, accessory molecules CD40, CD80, CD86 and early tion, DCs play an important role in innate immunity byactivation markers such as CD83. These cells do not pro- secreting cytokines, e.g. IL-12 and Interferon classes I andliferate and after a certain time course they undergo apop- II, involved in host defense. Moreover, DCs activate Natu-tosis and will be replaced by a new pool of cells [1]. ral killer cells (NK) and NKT cells that rapidly eradicateFunctionally, DCs exert various effects on other immune select targets [1]. Such diverse functions of DCs has beguncells, particularly in secondary lymphoid organs; DCs to shed light on their pre-eminent role in immunologicalpresent non-self peptide-MHC complexes to naïve and events. In this review we highlight several critical aspectsmemory T lymphocytes to mobilize specific immunity [1- of DCs in order to better understand host-pathogen4]. By contrast, in order to induce T cell-tolerance in the interactions.thymus, DCs present self peptide-MHC complexes to thy-mocytes [5]. The capacity of DCs to initiate primary Page 1 of 11 ...