Chapter 122. Acute Infectious Diarrheal Diseases and Bacterial Food Poisoning (Part 7)

AgeMost of the morbidity and mortality from enteric pathogens involves children
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Chapter 122. Acute Infectious Diarrheal Diseases and Bacterial Food Poisoning (Part 7) Chapter 122. Acute Infectious Diarrheal Diseases and Bacterial Food Poisoning (Part 7) Age Most of the morbidity and mortality from enteric pathogens involveschildren If the history and the stool examination indicate a noninflammatoryetiology of diarrhea and there is evidence of a common-source outbreak, questionsconcerning the ingestion of specific foods and the time of onset of the diarrheaafter a meal can provide clues to the bacterial cause of the illness. Potential causesof bacterial food poisoning are shown in Table 122-4. Table 122-4 Bacterial Food Poisoning Incubation Period, Symptoms Common FoodOrganism Sources 1–6 H Staphylococcus Nausea, vomiting, Ham, poultry,aureus diarrhea potato or egg salad, mayonnaise, cream pastries Bacillus cereus Nausea, vomiting, Fried rice diarrhea 8–16 H Clostridium Abdominal Beef, poultry,perfringens cramps, diarrhea legumes, gravies (vomiting rare) B. cereus Abdominal Meats, vegetables, cramps, diarrhea dried beans, cereals (vomiting rare) >16 H Vibrio cholerae Watery diarrhea Shellfish Enterotoxigenic Watery diarrhea Salads, cheese,Escherichia coli meats, water Enterohemorrhagic Bloody diarrhea Ground beef, roastE. coli beef, salami, raw milk, raw vegetables, apple juice Salmonella spp. Inflammatory Beef, poultry, eggs, diarrhea dairy products Campylobacter Inflammatory Poultry, raw milkjejuni diarrhea Shigella spp. Dysentery Potato or egg salad, lettuce, raw vegetables Vibrio Dysentery Mollusks,parahaemolyticus crustaceans Bacterial disease caused by an enterotoxin elaborated outside the host, suchas that due to Staphylococcus aureus or B. cereus, has the shortest incubationperiod (1–6 h) and generally lasts examples of staphylococcal food poisoning. Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, andabdominal cramping are common, while fever is less so.