Công nghệ quản lý dự án - informations technology project management

Describe the software crisis and how the often dismal track record for information technology (IT) projects provides a motivation for changing how we view and manage IT projects.Explain the sociotechnical, project management and knowledge management approaches that support ITPM. Define what an IT project is and describe its attributes. Define the discipline called project management. Describe the role and impact IT projects have on an organization. Identify the different roles and interests of project stakeholders. Describe the project life cycle, the systems development life cycle and their relationship. Describe extreme project management. Identify the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)...
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Công nghệ quản lý dự án - informations technology project management GerhardSteinkeDuyTanUniversity August2009 Describethesoftwarecrisisandhowtheoftendismaltrack recordforinformationtechnology(IT)projectsprovidesa motivationforchanginghowweviewandmanageITprojects. Explainthesociotechnical,projectmanagementand knowledgemanagementapproachesthatsupportITPM. DefinewhatanITprojectisanddescribeitsattributes. Definethedisciplinecalledprojectmanagement. DescribetheroleandimpactITprojectshaveonan organization. Identifythedifferentrolesandinterestsofprojectstakeholders. Describetheprojectlifecycle,thesystemsdevelopmentlife cycleandtheirrelationship. Describeextremeprojectmanagement. IdentifytheProjectManagementBodyofKnowledge(PMBOK) anditscoreknowledgeareas. InformationTechnology(IT)projectsareorganizational investmentsthatrequire ◦ Time ◦ Money ◦ Otherresourcessuchaspeople,technology,facilities,etc. Organizationsexpectsometypeofvalueinreturnofthis investment ITProjectManagementisarelativelynewdisciplinethat combinestraditionalProjectManagementwithSoftware Engineering/ManagementInformationSystemstomake ITprojectsmoresuccessful. Successfullybuildingandimplementingasystem thatprovideslittleornovaluetotheorganization.Or… Failingtoimplementaninformationsystemthat couldhaveprovidedvaluetotheorganization,but waspoorlydevelopedorpoorlymanaged. TheCHAOSstudypublishedin1995byThe StandishGroupfoundthatalthoughtheU.Sspent over$250billiononITprojects,approximately… ◦ 31%werecancelledbeforecompletion ◦ 53%werecompletedbutoverbudget,overschedule, anddidnotmeetoriginalspecifications.  Formidsizecompanies,averagecostoverrunswere182%, whileaveragescheduleoverrunswere202%! Largerprojectshavethelowestsuccessrateand appeartobemoreriskythanmediumandsmaller projects ◦ Technology,businessmodelsandmarketschangeso rapidlythataprojectthattakesmorethanayearcanbe obsoletebeforetheyarecompleted. TheChaosstudyalsoprovidessomeinsightasto thefactorsthatinfluenceprojectsuccess. TheStandishGrouphascontinuedtostudyIT projectsovertheyears. Ingeneral,ITProjectsareshowinghigher successratesdueto ◦ Betterprojectmanagementtools&processes ◦ Smallerprojects ◦ Improvedcommunicationamongstakeholders ◦ MoreskillfulITprojectmanagers Butthereisstillampleopportunityfor improvement!Rank Success Factor 1 Executive Support 2 User Involvement 3 Experienced Project Manager 4 Clear Business Objectives 5 Minimized Scope 6 Standard Software Infrastructure 7 Firm Basic Requirements 8 Formal Methodology 9 Reliable Estimates 10 Other Table 1.3 Source: Extreme Chaos. The Standish Group International, Inc. 2001. http://www.standishgroup.com/sample_research/index.php SociotechnicalApproach ProjectManagementApproach ◦ processes and infrastructure(Methodology) ◦ resources ◦ expectations ◦ com petition ◦ efficiency and effectiveness KnowledgeManagementApproach ◦ lessons learned,best practices and shared knowledge Definitions: ◦Aprojectisatemporaryendeavor undertakentoaccomplishaunique purpose. ◦Projectmanagementistheapplicationof knowledge,skills,tools,andtechniques toprojectactivitiesinordertomeetor exceedprojectrequirements TimeFrame Purpose(toprovidevalue!) Ownership Resources(thetripleconstraint) Roles ◦ ProjectManager ◦ ProjectSponsor ◦ SME(domain&technical) Risk&Assumptions InterdependentTasks PlannedOrganizationalChange OperateinEnvironmentsLargerthantheProject ItselfFigure 1.2 ProjectLifeCycle(PLC) ◦ Acollectionoflogicalstagesorphasesthatmapsthe lifeofaprojectfromitsbeginningtoitsendinorderto define,buildanddelivertheproductoftheproject– i.e.,theinformationsystem Projectsaredividedintophasestoincrease manageabilityandreducerisk ◦ Phaseexits,stagegates,orkillpointsaredecision pointsattheendofeachphasetoevaluate performance,correctproblemsorcanceltheproject ◦ Fasttrackingistheoverlappingofphasestoreduce theproject’sschedule  Canberisky! Representsthesequentialphasesorstagesan informationsystemfollowsthroughoutitsusefullife Usefulforunderstandingthedevelopme ...