Danh mục thuốc thiết yếu của Tổ chức y tế thế giới

The core list presents a list of minimum medicine needs for a basic health‐care system, listing the mostefficacious, safe and cost‐effective medicines for priority conditions. Priority conditions are selected on thebasis of current and estimated future public health relevance, and potential for safe and cost‐effectivetreatment.The complementary list presents essential medicines for priority diseases, for which specialized diagnosticor monitoring facilities, and/or specialist medical care, and/or specialist training are needed. In case of doubtmedicines may also be listed as complementary on the basis of consistent higher costs or less attractive costeffectivenessin a variety of settings....
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Danh mục thuốc thiết yếu của Tổ chức y tế thế giới WHOModelList of EssentialMedicines 17thlist (March2011) Statusofthisdocument ThisisareprintofthetextontheWHOMedicineswebsite http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/en/index.html Thepublishedmaterialisbeingdistributedwithoutwarrantyofanykind,eitherexpressedorimplied.The responsibilityfortheinterpretationanduseofthemateriallieswiththereader.InnoeventshalltheWorldHealth Organizationbeliablefordamagesarisingfromitsuse.17theditionEssentialMedicinesWHOModelList(March2011)ExplanatoryNotesThecorelistpresentsalistofminimummedicineneedsforabasichealth‐caresystem,listingthemostefficacious,safeandcost‐effectivemedicinesforpriorityconditions.Priorityconditionsareselectedonthebasisofcurrentandestimatedfuturepublichealthrelevance,andpotentialforsafeandcost‐effectivetreatment.Thecomplementarylistpresentsessentialmedicinesforprioritydiseases,forwhichspecializeddiagnosticormonitoringfacilities,and/orspecialistmedicalcare,and/orspecialisttrainingareneeded.Incaseofdoubtmedicinesmayalsobelistedascomplementaryonthebasisofconsistenthighercostsorlessattractivecost‐effectivenessinavarietyofsettings.Thesquareboxsymbol( )isprimarilyintendedtoindicatesimilarclinicalperformancewithinapharmacologicalclass.Thelistedmedicineshouldbetheexampleoftheclassforwhichthereisthebestevidenceforeffectivenessandsafety.Insomecases,thismaybethefirstmedicinethatislicensedformarketing;inotherinstances,subsequentlylicensedcompoundsmaybesaferormoreeffective.Wherethereisnodifferenceintermsofefficacyandsafetydata,thelistedmedicineshouldbetheonethatisgenerallyavailableatthelowestprice,basedoninternationaldrugpriceinformationsources.Notallsquareboxesareapplicabletomedicineselectionforchildren—seethesecondEMLcfordetails.TherapeuticequivalenceisonlyindicatedonthebasisofreviewsofefficacyandsafetyandwhenconsistentwithWHOclinicalguidelines.Nationallistsshouldnotuseasimilarsymbolandshouldbespecificintheirfinalselection,whichwoulddependonlocalavailabilityandprice.The a symbolindicatesthatthereisanageorweightrestrictiononuseofthemedicine;detailsforeachmedicinecanbefoundinTable1.Wherethe[c]symbolisplacednexttothecomplementarylistitsignifiesthatthemedicine(s)require(s)specialistdiagnosticormonitoringfacilities,and/orspecialistmedicalcare,and/orspecialisttrainingfortheiruseinchildren.Wherethe[c]symbolisplacednexttoanindividualmedicineorstrengthofmedicineitsignifiesthatthereisaspecificindicationforrestrictingitsusetochildren.ThepresenceofanentryontheEssentialMedicinesListcarriesnoassuranceastopharmaceuticalquality.Itistheresponsibilityoftherelevantnationalorregionaldrugregulatoryauthoritytoensurethateachproductisofappropriatepharmaceuticalquality(includingstability)andthatwhenrelevant,differentproductsareinterchangeable.ForrecommendationsandadviceconcerningallaspectsofthequalityassuranceofmedicinesseetheWHOMedicineswebsitehttp://www.who.int/medicines/areas/quality_assurance/en/index.html.Medicinesanddosageformsarelistedinalphabeticalorderwithineachsectionandthereisnoimplicationofpreferenceforoneformoveranother.Standardtreatmentguidelinesshouldbeconsultedforinformationonappropriatedosageforms.ThemaintermsusedfordosageformsintheEssentialMedicinesListcanbefoundinAnnex1.DefinitionsofmanyofthesetermsandpharmaceuticalqualityrequirementsapplicabletothedifferentcategoriesarepublishedinthecurrenteditionofTheInternationalPharmacopoeiahttp://www.who.int/medicines/publications/pharmacopoeia/en/index.html.EssentialMedicines 17theditionWHOModelList 1. ANAESTHETICS 1.1 General anaesthetics and oxygen 1.1.1 Inhalati ...