Degradation of skeletal mass in locally advanced oesophageal cancer between initial diagnosis and recurrence

The prognostic value of a low skeletal mass index (SMI) has been investigated in locally advanced oesophageal (LAE) cancer at diagnosis. However, nothing is known about its evolution and clinical impact between initial diagnosis and recurrence.
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Degradation of skeletal mass in locally advanced oesophageal cancer between initial diagnosis and recurrenceZouhryetal. BMC Cancer (2021) 21:1313https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-09037-3 RESEARCH Open AccessDegradation ofskeletal mass inlocallyadvanced oesophageal cancer betweeninitialdiagnosis andrecurrenceYacineZouhry1, AbdelkaderTaibi2, SylvaineDurand‑Fontanier2, TiffanyDarbas1, GeraudForestier3,JacquesMonteil4, ValérieLebrun‑Ly1, PhilippeFayemendy5,6, SophieLeobon1, PierreJesus1and EliseDeluche1*  Abstract  Background:  The prognostic value of a low skeletal mass index (SMI) has been investigated in locally advanced oesophageal (LAE) cancer at diagnosis. However, nothing is known about its evolution and clinical impact between initial diagnosis and recurrence. Methods:  A total of 89 patients treated for LAE cancer between January 2009 and December 2019 were included in this study. Computed tomography (CT) scans before treatment and at recurrence were evaluated. SMI and other body composition parameters were analysed by the L3 scan method. Results:  Participants were aged 66.0 (36.0–86) years. The incidence of low SMI increased by 12.3% between diagnosis and recurrence (70.7% vs. 83.0%, respectively) over a median follow-up of 16.9 (1.7–101.6) months. Patients with high SMI at diagnosis showed loss of muscle mass (58.0 vs. 55.2 cm2/m2, respectively; P Zouhryetal. BMC Cancer (2021) 21:1313 Page 2 of 10 Sarcopenia is characterised by a loss of skeletal mus- Methodscle mass (SMM), skeletal muscle strength and physical Study populationperformance in quantitative and qualitative terms, as All consecutive patients treated for locally advancedwell as in anatomical and functional terms [8]. It was oesophageal cancer diagnosed at Limoges Universitypreviously shown that assessment of SMM using the Hospital, Limoges, France, between January 2009 andcross-sectional area of a single vertebral slice at lum- December 2019 were initially included in this study.bar L3 thanks computed tomography (CT) scan is well Among only patients ≥ 18 years, with confirmed diag-correlated with whole-body skeletal muscle volume. nosis of locally advanced oesophageal cancer (defined asPrado etal. showed for the first time that muscle loss at stage II–III not eligible for primary surgical treatment),the start of treatment, as assessed by L3 (CT scan), is a and who had a CT scan before treatment (Zouhryetal. BMC Cancer (2021) 21:1313 Page 3 of 10 Skeletal muscle mass, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), sub- hazards model was used to identify prognostic factors cutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and infiltration inter- of OS and DFS in the whole cohort, and to calculate muscular adipose tissue (IMAT) were identified and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). quantified from a single image at the third lumbar ver- Variables with a P-value Zouhryetal. BMC Cancer (2021) 21:1313 Page 4 of 10Table 1  Patient and tumour characteristics at diagnosis in all cohorts and according to skeletal mass indexClinical and pathological parameters Total High SMI Low SMI P-value n = 89 n = 26 (29.1%) n = 63 (70.7%)Age (years), median (range) 66.0 (36.0–86.0) 64.0 (36.0–78.0) 67.0 (42.0–86.0) 0.08SexMale/female 73 (82.0)/16 (18.0) 22 (15.4)/4 (84.6) 51 (19.0)/12 (81.0) 0.6Smoking status 0.2Yes 33 (37.0) 10 (38.5) 23 (36.5)No 13 (14.6) 6 (23.0) 7 (11.1)Ex-smoker 43 (48.4) 10 (38.5) 33 (52.4)Alcohol drinker 0.1Yes 29 (32.5) 10 (38.5) 19 (30.1)No 13 (14.6) 6 (23.0) 7 (11.1)Ex-alcohol drinker 47 (52.9) ...