Dị tật ống niệu rốn

The urachus is an embryological canal connecting the urinary bladder of the fetus with the allantois, a structure that contributes to the formation of the umbilical cord. The lumen (inside) of the urachus is normally obliterated during embryonic development, transforming the urachus into a solid cord, a functionless remnant. The urachus lies in the space of Retzius, between the transversalis fascia anteriorly and the peritoneum posteriorly.
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Dị tật ống niệu rốn Dị tật ống niệu rốnThe urachus is an embryological canal connecting the urinary bladder of the fetuswith the allantois, a structure that contributes to the formation of the umbilicalcord. The lumen (inside) of the urachus is normally obliterated during embryonicdevelopment, transforming the urachus into a solid cord, a functionless remnant.The urachus lies in the space of Retzius, between the transversalis fascia anteriorlyand the peritoneum posteriorly.FormationThe vesico-urethral portion of the urogenital sinus absorbs the ends of theWolffian ducts and the associated ends of the renal diverticula, and these give riseto the trigone of the bladder and part of the prostatic urethra. The remainder of thevesico-urethral portion forms the body of the bladder and part of the prostaticurethra; its apex is prolonged to the umbilicus as a narrow canal, which later isobliterated and becomes the median umbilical ligament (urachus). Note: The twomedial umbilical ligaments are the obliterated umbilical arteries.PathologyFailure for the lumen of the urachus to be filled in leaves a patent (open) urachus.The telltale sign is leakage of urine through the umbilicus. A patent urachus needsto be surgically removed. There are four anatomical cases1. Urachal cyst: there is no connection between the bladder and the umbilicus2. Urachal fistula: there is free communication between the bladder andumbilicus3. Urachal diverticulum: the pouch opens toward the bladder4. Urachal sinus: the pouch opens toward the umbilicus