Phân tích tư tưởng của nhân dân qua đoạn thơ: Những người vợ nhớ chồng… Những cuộc đời đã hóa sông núi ta trong Đất nước của Nguyễn Khoa Điềm
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Decentralization in command economies that lack mechanisms for horizontal
exchange often proves disastrous (Kornai, 1992: 406). Regional governments devolve
into autarkies, capital and labor are not mobile, and the decentralized response to central
targets requires destabilizing fiscal bailouts.
Qian and Roland (1996) argue that fiscal decentralization is one of several factors
affecting the hardness of local government’s budget constraint. Qian and Roland (1998)
model fiscal decentralization as a commitment device for the central government when
fiscal competition increases the opportunity costs of bailouts. Comparing Russia and
China, Blanchard and Shleifer (2001) argue that political centralization in China...
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GLOBAL FINANCIAL STABILITY REPORT - THE QUEST FOR LASTING STABILITY
