Lecture Business statistics in practice (7/e): Chapter 2 - Bowerman, O’Connell, Murphree

Chapter 2 - Descriptive statistics: Tabular and graphical methods. After mastering the material in this chapter, you will be able to: Summarize qualitative data by using frequency distributions, bar charts, and pie charts; construct and interpret Pareto charts (Optional); summarize quantitative data by using frequency distributions, histograms, frequency polygons, and ogives;...
Nội dung trích xuất từ tài liệu:
Lecture Business statistics in practice (7/e): Chapter 2 - Bowerman, OConnell, Murphree Chapter2 DescriptiveStatistics:Tabularand GraphicalMethodsMcGrawHill/Irwin Copyright©2014byTheMcGrawHillCompanies,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DescriptiveStatistics2.1 GraphicallySummarizingQualitative Data2.2 GraphicallySummarizingQuantitative Data2.3 DotPlots2.4 StemandLeafDisplays2.5 CrosstabulationTables(Optional)2.6 ScatterPlots(Optional)2.7 MisleadingGraphsandCharts(Optional) 22LO2-1: Summarizequalitative data by usingfrequency distributions,bar charts, and piecharts. 2.1GraphicallySummarizingQualitative Data Withqualitativedata,namesidentifythe differentcategories Thisdatacanbesummarizedusinga frequencydistribution Frequencydistribution:Atablethat summarizesthenumberofitemsineachof severalnonoverlappingclasses 23LO2-1 BarChartsandPieCharts Barchart:Averticalorhorizontalrectangle representsthefrequencyforeachcategory ◦Heightcanbefrequency,relativefrequency,or percentfrequency Piechart:Acircledividedintosliceswhere thesizeofeachslicerepresentsitsrelative frequencyorpercentfrequency 24LO2-2: Construct andinterpret Paretocharts (Optional). ParetoChart Paretochart:Abarcharthavingthe differentkindsofdefectslistedonthe horizontalscale Barheightrepresentsthefrequencyof occurrence Barsarearrangedindecreasingheightfrom lefttoright Sometimesaugmentedbyplottinga cumulativepercentagepointforeachbar 25LO2-3 Summarizequantitative data by usingfrequency distributions,histograms, frequencypolygons, and ogives. 2.2GraphicallySummarizing QualitativeData Oftenneedtosummarizeanddescribethe shapeofthedistribution Onewayistogroupthemeasurementsinto classesofafrequencydistribution Aftergroupingthem,wecandisplaythedata intheformofahistogram 26LO2-3 FrequencyDistribution Afrequencydistributionisalistofdata classeswiththecountofvaluesthatbelong toeachclass ◦“Classifyandcount” ◦Thefrequencydistributionisatable Showthefrequencydistributionina histogram ◦Thehistogramisapictureofthefrequency distribution 27LO2-4 Constructand interpret dotplots. 2.3DotPlots Figure2.18 28LO2-5 Construct andinterpret stem-and-leaf displays. 2.4StemandLeafDisplays Purposeistoseetheoverallpatternofthe data,bygroupingthedataintoclasses ◦thevariationfromclasstoclass ◦theamountofdataineachclass ◦thedistributionofthedatawithineachclass Bestforsmalltomoderatelysizeddata distributions 29LO2-6 Examine therelationships betweenvariables by using cross- 2.5CrosstabulationTables(Optional)tabulation tables.(Optional) Classifiesdataontwodimensions ◦Rowsclassifyaccordingtoonedimension ◦Columnsclassifyaccordingtoasecond dimension Requiresthreevariable ◦Therowvariable ◦Thecolumnvariable ◦Thevariablecountedinthecells 210LO2-7 Examine therelationships ...