The Chemistry of Nanomaterials Synthesis, Properties and Applications in 2 Volumes Volume 1

Nanomaterials, characterized by at least one dimension in the nanometer range, can be considered to constitute a bridge between single molecules and infinite bulk systems. Besides individual nanostructures involving clusters, nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanowires and nanotubes, collections of these nanostructures in the form of arrays and superlattices are of vital interest to the science and technology of nanomaterials.
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The Chemistry of Nanomaterials Synthesis, Properties and Applications in 2 Volumes Volume 1 ¨ller, C. N. R. Rao, A. Mu A. K. Cheetham (Eds.) The Chemistry of Nanomaterials The Chemistry of Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Edited by C. N. R. Rao, ¨ A. Muller, A. K. Cheetham Copyright 8 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 3-527-30686-2 Further Titles of Interest G. Schmid (Ed.) Nanoparticles From Theory to Application 2004 ISBN 3-527-30507-6 V. Balzani, A. Credi, M. Venturi Molecular Devices and Machines A Journey into the Nanoworld 2003 ISBN 3-527-30506-8 M. Driess, H. N€th (Eds.) o Molecular Clusters of the Main Group Elements 2004 ISBN 3-527-30654-4 G. Hodes (Ed.) Electrochemistry of Nanomaterials 2001 ISBN 3-527-29836-3 U. Schubert, N. H€sing u Synthesis of Inorganic Materials 2000 ISBN 3-527-29550-X ¨ C. N. R. Rao, A. Muller, A. K. Cheetham (Eds.) The Chemistry of Nanomaterials Synthesis, Properties and Applications in 2 Volumes Volume 1 Prof. Dr. C. N. R. Rao 9 This book was carefully produced. CSIR Centre of Excellence in Chemistry Nevertheless, authors, editors and publisher and Chemistry and Physics of Materials do not warrant the information contained Unit therein to be free of errors. Readers are Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced advised to keep in mind that statements, Scientific Research data, illustrations, procedural details or Jakkur P.O. other items may inadvertently be Bangalore – 560 064 inaccurate. India Library of Congress Card No.: applied for ¨ Prof. Dr. h.c. mult. Achim Muller A catalogue record for this book is available Faculty of Chemistry from the British Library. University of Bielefeld Bibliographic information published by Die Postfach 10 01 31 Deutsche Bibliothek D-33501 Bielefeld Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this Germany publication in the Deutsche National- bibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is Prof. Dr. A. K. Cheetham available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de Director Materials Research Laboratory ( 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. University of California, Santa Barbara KgaA, Weinheim Santa Barbara, CA 93106 All rights reserved (including those of USA translation in other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law. Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany. Printed on acid-free paper. Composition Asco Typesetters, Hong Kong Printing betz-druck gmbh, Darmstadt ¨ Bookbinding J. Schaffer GmbH & Co. KG, ¨ Grunstadt ISBN 3-527-30686-2 v Contents Preface xvi List of Contributors xviii Volume 1 1 Nanomaterials – An Introduction 1 ¨ller, and A. K. Chee ...