The Illustrated Network- P82

The Illustrated Network- P82:In this chapter, you will learn about the protocol stack used on the global publicInternet and how these protocols have been evolving in today’s world. We’llreview some key basic defi nitions and see the network used to illustrate all of theexamples in this book, as well as the packet content, the role that hosts and routersplay on the network, and how graphic user and command line interfaces (GUIand CLI, respectively) both are used to interact with devices.
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The Illustrated Network- P82 Index 779 routing, 218–19 Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP), routing tables, 322–23 355 SNMP, 610–11 Enhanced (EIGRP), 355, 364–65 sockets, 302–3 RIP improvement, 365 SONET link display, 76–78 Intermediate device control, 638 SSH, 634–35 Intermediate System–Intermediate System SSL, 586–87 (IS–IS), 345, 354 TCP, 280–81 areas, 374 UDP, 260–61 attraction, 373 VLANs, 660–61 backbone area, 373 VoIP, 736–37 DIS, 375 VPLS, 673 IPv6, 376 Web servers, 560–61 as link-state protocol, 354 Web sites, 586–87 LSP handling, 375 wireless link display, 81–83 metrics, 375In-band management, 248 M-ISIS, 413Independent basic service set (IBSS), 98 network addresses, 375Indirect delivery, 229 network types, 375 packet destination address, 232–33 OSPF and, 373–74 router and, 231–34 OSPF differences, 374–75Informational RFCs, 20 OSPF similarities, 374Ingress routers, 446, 450 route leaking, 374Institute of Electrical and Electronics routers, 373 Engineers (IEEE). See IEEE 802.11; Intermediate systems, 6 IEEE 802.3 as TCP/IP device category, 26Integrated Information Services (IIS), Internal representation conversion, 562 41–42Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), International Standards Organization (ISO), 85, 90 17–18 DSL as extension, 94 International Telecommunications Union -Integrity, 593–94 Telecommunications sector (ITU-T),Integrity check value (ICV), 723 18Inter-Domain Routing Protocol (IDRP), 379 InternetInterface addresses, 212–13 administration, 21–22Interfaces, 27–28 autonomous system and, 332–34 application layer, 52 backbone routers, 246 GRE, 241 connectivity check, 195 for packets, 84 drafts, 18, 19, 21 routers, 233–34 standards, 18, 20 TCP/IP application, 11 today, 334–36Interior BGP (IBGP), 382, 389–90 zones, 489 full mesh, 392 Internet Architecture Board (IAB), 22 need for, 390 Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), peers, 391 421 sessions, 389 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), uses, 389 189–215 See also Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Destination Unreachable codes, 200Interior gateway protocols (IGPs), Destination Unreachable errors, 199, 201 342, 345 Illustrated Network, 190–91 bootstrapping themselves, 354 IP packets, 165 next hops, 390 packets, 193 shortcuts, 447 ping and, 192–96 types of, 354 round-trip time, 192780 IndexInternet Control Message Protocol dynamic assignment, 121 (cont’d) host, 121 sequence numbers, 192 Illustrated Network, 110–11 time-exceeded errors, 199 packet headers and, 168–70 See also ICMP messages private, 121Internet Corporation for Assigned public, 120 Names and Numbers (ICANN), 22, static assignment, 121 36 unicast, 116Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), IP layer, 57–58, 165 18 IP mapping, 44 working groups, 22 IPoFW IP over Firewire, 85Internet exchange points (IXPs), 334 IPSec, 665, 713–31 linking, 336 in action, 716–19 running of, 334 AH, 713Internet Group Management Protocol BITS, 720 (IGMP), 416–17 BITW, 720 backward compatibility, 416 endpoints, 719 messages, 204 ESP, 713 multicast group, 408 IKE, 713, 719 versions, 416–17 Illustrated Network, 714–15Internet key exchange (IKE), 713, 719, implementation, 719–21 728–29 introduction to, 719–21 ISAKMP, 728, 729 RFCs, 719 OAKLEY, 729 routers and, 721 protocols, 728–29 SPI, 203 SKEME, 729 support components, 719Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), topology, 717 542 transport mode, 721Internet Network Information Center tunnel mode, 721 (InterNIC), 22 tunnels, 717, 718Internet Research Task Force (IRTF), 22 IP source routing, 638Internet Security Association and Key IP spoofing, 638 Management Protocol (ISAKMP), IPv4 728, 729 browsers, 251Int ...