The sovereignty consolidation activities in the south china sea of the tay son dynasty (Vietnam) in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries

The article will focus on highlights and features in the political system of consolidating and establishing the maritime sovereignty of the Tay Son dynasty and specify its impact on the Nation’s protection of sacred maritime sovereignty.
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The sovereignty consolidation activities in the south china sea of the tay son dynasty (Vietnam) in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuriesHNUE JOURNAL OF SCIENCESocial Sciences, 2020, Volume 64, Issue 4D, pp. 34-45This paper is available online at http://stdb.hnue.edu.vnTHE SOVEREIGNTY CONSOLIDATION ACTIVITIES IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA OF THE TAY SON DYNASTY (VIETNAM) IN THE LATE EIGHTEENTH AND EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURIES Nguyen Thi My Hanh Faculty of Vietnamese Studies, Hanoi National University of Education Abstract. At least since the 17th century, the Vietnamese feudal government has established and exercised sovereignty in the Paracel and Spartly islands. Succeeding tradition of the previous dynasties, the Tay Son dynasty, including the reigns of Nguyen Nhac, Quang Trung and Quang Toan, was particularly interested in protecting the nations islands sovereignty. That concern is showed in two basic aspects: The first one is the policies to protect national interests and sovereignty in the South China Sea; The second one is the policies that show the international responsibility of a dynasty holding sovereignty over this sea. These are the two main aspects that this article focuses on. It shows us the harmonious combination between national interests and international interests in the policies of sea of this dynasty in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The problem is, on the basis of inheriting tradition of the previous dynasties, what were the features of consolidating sovereignty activities in the East Sea of the Tay Son dynasty? What were difficulties and advantages that affect the sea policies of the Tay Son dynasty? How were the effects of this dynastys efforts on the establishment and protection of Vietnams maritime sovereignty at that time? The article will focus on highlights and features in the political system of consolidating and establishing the maritime sovereignty of the Tay Son dynasty and specify its impact on the Nation’s protection of sacred maritime sovereignty. Keywords: Tay Son dynasty; South China Sea; Quang Trung; Marine; Sovereignt.1. Introduction The Tay Son dynasty (1778-1802) was established in the context that Vietnamese societywas being in crisis period, the separation of Dang Trong and Dang Ngoài and being faced withthe invasion of Siam in 1785 and the Qing Dynasty (China) in 1789. Therefore, it is notdifficult to understand why most of the researchers who studied about this dynasty focused onthe issue of national reunification and independence. Even the official historical texts that werewrritten in the feudal times such as Supplementary Edition of the Annals of Đại Việt, PrequelRecords of Đại Nam, Principal biographies of Đại Nam, The Imperially Ordered AnnotatedText Completely Reflecting the History of Viet were also not exception. After Vietnam wasunified in 1975, many studies on this dynasty were published, such as: Nguyen Hue’s militarygenius study [Tìm hiểu thiên tài quân sự của Nguyễn Huệ] of Nguyen Luong Bich, Pham NgocPhung [1]; Viet Nam literature general volume, episode 8B of Ngo Giap Dau [2]; Some VietNam historical works of Nguyen Phan Quang [3]; Vietnam Civil War history of Ta Chi DaiTruong [4]; The discoveries about Emperor Quang Trung of Do Bang [5]; and especially, theReceived April 11, 2020. Revised April 24, 2020. Accepted May 15, 2020.Contact Nguyen Thi My Hanh, e-mail address: myhanhvnh@gmail.com34 The sovereignty consolidation activities in the South China Sea of the Tay Son dynasty…most recent one to mention is a researcher, Nguyen Duy Chinh with a series of works onVietnam - China diplomacy in this period, such as: The process of recognizing the Quang Trungdynasty [6]; Recall a historical case “fake king to enter”: Is it true that the person who came toChina was fake Quang Trung king? [7]; Dai Viet Delegation and the Eighth Week of LifeCeremony of Thanh Cao Tong [8]. Therefore, the study of the Tay Son dynasty on establishingsovereignty in the South China Sea is still a gap to be filled. Basing on the official histories ofVietnam and China, some articles of Nguyen Quang Ngoc and Nguyen Duy Chinh as well asbasing on field documents being kept in localities, the article tries to reconstruct activities of theTay Son dynasty on establishing and protecting the Nation’s sovereignty interests in the theParacel and Spartly Islands. Simultaneously, the article points out the first cooperation of thisdynasty with other countries within area in order to solve problems at the sea, especially thepirate which raged over the South China Sea at that time.2. Content2.1. Policies of national interest and sovereignty protection at the South China Sea2.1.1. Developments of navy implementing tasks at sea On the basis of inheriting nautical experience of the Cham people, the Champa kingdomand especially the previous Nguyen Lords, the Tay Son was particularly interested in building astrong naval force, importantly contributing to the Nation’s protection of sovereignty in theSouth China Sea. It can be said that, until the late eighteenth century, under the Tay Son age,especially under the Quang Trung dynasty, the Vietnamese navy really had a breakthroughdevelopment. That development on the one hand originated from favorable conditions impactedby objective historical context at that time, on the other hand, it is necessary to mention decisiverole of the vision, marine policy in general and construction of the navy in particular of thisdynasty. * Attempts to yield elite pirate forces to increase the quality, number of marines andrestructure the navy ranks to protect the islands Building an elite navy force ...