Thuật ngữ ngành shipping và logistics

ANSI was founded in 1918 to coordinate national standards in the U.S. ANSI is the central body responsible for the identification of a single consistent set of voluntary standards called American National Standards. ANSI provides an open forum for the identification of standards requirements, development of plans to meet those requirements, and agreement on standards. ANSI itself does not develop standards. In 1979 ANSI chartered a new committee, which in now known as Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) X12 Electronic Data Interchange, to develop uniform standards for electronic interchange of business transactions.......
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Thuật ngữ ngành shipping và logisticsA.T.A.:ActualtimeofarrivalA.T.D.:ActualtimeofdepartureABCanalysis:Classificationofitemsinaninventoryaccordingtoimportancedefinedintermsofcriteriasuchassalesvolumeandpurchasevolume.ABI:SeeAutomatedBrokerInterfaceaccessibility:Acarriersabilitytoprovideservicebetweenanoriginandadestination.accessorialcharges:Acarrierschargeforaccessorialservicessuchasloading,unloading,pickup,anddelivery.actionmessage:AnalertthatanMRPorDRPsystemgeneratestoinformthecontrollerofasituationrequiringhisorherattention.activestock:Goodsinactivepicklocationsandreadyfororderfilling.ActivityBasedCosting:Amethodofcostmanagementthatidentifiesbusinessactivitiesperformed,accumulatescostsassociatedwiththeseactivities,andusesvariouscostdriverstotracecostsofactivitiestotheproducts.AdValoremDuty:SeeDutyadvancedshipmentnotice(ASN):Alisttransmittedtoacustomerorconsignordesignatingitemsshipped.Mayalsoincludeexpectedtimeofarrival.agencytariff:Aratebureaupublicationthatcontainsratesformanycarriers.Agent:Anenterpriseauthorizedtotransactbusinessfor,orinthenameof,anotherenterprise.agglomeration:Anetadvantageacompanygainsbysharingacommonlocationwithothercompanies.aggregatetenderrate:Areducedrateofferedtoashipperwhotenderstwoormoreclassrelatedshipmentsatonetimeandoneplace.aircargo:Freightthatismovedbyairtransportation. 1AirCarrier:Anenterprisethatofferstransportationserviceviaair.airtaxi:Anexemptforhireaircarrierthatwillflyanywhereondemand;airtaxisarerestrictedtoamaximumpayloadandpassengercapacityperplane.AirTransportAssociationofAmerica:AU.S.airlineindustryassociation.AirWaybill(AWB):Abillofladingforairtransportthatservesasareceiptfortheshipper,indicatesthatthecarrierhasacceptedthegoodslisted,obligatesthecarriertocarrytheconsignmenttotheairportofdestinationaccordingtospecifiedconditions.AircargoAgent:Anagentappointedbyanairlinetosolicitandprocessinternationalairfreightshipments.AircargoContainers:Containersdesignedtoconformtotheinsideofanaircraft.Therearemanyshapesandsizesofcontainers.Aircargocontainersfallintothreecategories:1)aircargopallets2)lowerdeckcontainers3)boxtypecontainers.AirportandAirwayTrustFund:Afederalfundthatcollectspassengertickettaxesanddisbursesthosefundsforairportfacilities.AllWater:Termusedwhenthetransportationiscompletelybywater.allcargocarrier:Anaircarrierthattransportscargoonly.AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI):ANSIwasfoundedin1918tocoordinatenationalstandardsintheU.S.ANSIisthecentralbodyresponsiblefortheidentificationofasingleconsistentsetofvoluntarystandardscalledAmericanNationalStandards.ANSIprovidesanopenforumfortheidentificationofstandardsrequirements,developmentofplanstomeetthoserequirements,andagreementonstandards.ANSIitselfdoesnotdevelopstandards.In1979ANSIcharteredanewcommittee,whichinnowknownasAccreditedStandardsCommittee(ASC)X12ElectronicDataInterchange,todevelopuniformstandardsforelectronicinterchangeofbusinesstransactions.AmericanSocietyofTransportation&Logistics:Aprofessionalorganizationinthefieldoflogistics.AmericanTruckingAssociation,Inc.:Amotorcarrierindustryassociationcomposedofsubconferencesrepresentingvariousmotorcarrierindustrysectors.AmericanWaterwayOperators:Adomesticwatercarrierindustryassociationrepresentingbargeoperatorsoninlandwaterways. 2Amtrak:TheNationalRailroadPassengerCorporation,afederallycreatedcorporationthatoperatesmostoftheUnitedStatesintercitypassengerrailservice.ANSI:SeeAmericanNationalStandardsInstituteanyquantity(AQ)rate:Aratethatappliestoanysizeshipmenttenderedtoacarrier;nodiscountrateisavailableforlargeshipments.API:ApplicationProgrammingInterfaceArrivalNotice:AnoticefromthedeliveringcarriertotheNotifyPartyindicatingtheshipmentsarrivaldateataspecificlocation(normallythedestination).artificialintelligence:Afieldofresearchseekingtounderstandandcomputerizethehumanthoughtprocess.ASN:AdvanceShipmentNoticeAssignment:Thetransferofrights,duties,responsibilities,andbenefitsofanagreement,contract,orfinancialinstrumenttoathirdparty.AssociationofAmericanRailr ...