Web Programming with HTML, XHTML, and CSS Second Edition- P8

Web Programming with HTML, XHTML, and CSS Second Edition- P8: Điều này bắt đầu hướng dẫn nhận xét HTML và cũng giới thiệu đến bạn bằng cách sử dụng XHTML cho cấu trúc của một trang web và cascading style sheets (CSS) để kiểm soát như thế nào một tài liệu sẽ xuất hiện trên một trang web. Bạn se tìm hiểu làm thế nào để tận dụng lợi thế của các tính năng mới của các trình duyệt trong khi đảm bảo rằng các trang của bạn vẫn làm việc ở cũ, nhưng phổ biến, các trình duyệt. Bằng...
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Web Programming with HTML, XHTML, and CSS Second Edition- P8 Chapter 8: More Cascading Style Sheets was completed in 1998, it is a pity that browser manufacturers have not made a better attempt at implementing it. With careful attention, it is possible to create pages that use CSS for layouts, but older browsers will not always support these layouts as you would like them to. As a result, some designers will use a combina- tion of older techniques for page layout and CSS for some of the styling.Exercises The answers to all of the exercises are in Appendix A. 1. In this exercise you create a linked table of contents that will sit at the top of a long document in an ordered list and link to the headings in the main part of the document. The XHTML file exercise1.html is provided with the download code for this book, ready for you to create the style sheet. Your style sheet should do the following: ❑ Set the styles of all links including active and visited links ❑ Make the contents of the list bold ❑ Make the background of the list light gray and use padding to ensure the bullet points show ❑ Make the width of the links box 250 pixels wide ❑ Change the styles of heading bullet points to empty circles ❑ Change the style of link bullet points to squares Your page should look something like Figure 8-36. Figure 8-36 321Chapter 8: More Cascading Style Sheets 2. In this exercise, you test your CSS positioning skills. You should create a page that represents the links to the different sections of the chapter in a very different way. Each of the sections will be shown in a different block, and each block will be absolutely positioned in a diagonal top left to bottom right direction. The middle box should appear on top, as shown in the Figure 8-37. Figure 8-37 You can find the source XHTML file (exercise2.html) with the download code for this chapter.322 9 Page Layout This chapter is the first of two chapters about design issues. It addresses designing and constructing layouts for web pages. Although there is no rule book that says how you should design your page, there are some important factors that you should consider regarding the appearance of a page, and it is these issues you’ll learn about in this chapter. No one can tell you how to make an attractive page — that is a matter of taste. What you will see in this chapter is a discussion about the aims of the site, the size of your page, what should appear on the page, and where each item should go on that page. You also need to know how to make these designs work in code. This chapter is broadly grouped into four sections to reflect these topics: ❑ Understanding the aims of the site correctly ❑ Looking at a page as a whole and addressing the question of how big you should make the page ❑ Knowing the elements that make up each page such as logos, headings, links, and possibly ads ❑ Positioning the various elements within the page Once you have looked at the overall layout of the page in this chapter, see Chapter 10 for some more specific issues of design within the page, such as design of menus, forms, links, and text.Understanding the Site Whether you are going to create a web site for yourself or are hoping to create sites for clients, you must have a good understanding of the site you want to create before you can start design- ing it. There are some fundamental questions you need to be asking to make sure you understand both the aims of the site’s owner and what the audience who come to look at the site will expect to find; specifically, you need to be sure that you know: ❑ Whom you expect to visit the site ❑ What sort of information you think they would expect to find at your siteChapter 9: Page Layout ❑ How often you can realistically expect them to visit ❑ What you want your site to do for your visitors Without being clear on these items you cannot design an effective site. It is worth noting here that the first three questions are about your visitors and what they want from your site rather than what you want from your visitors. For example, I might want visitors to come and look at a site every day — but it is important to consider whether that is a realistic expectation. After all, if they are only likely to visit occasionally that could have a big impact on the design (and how often various parts of the pages ...