Investigation of material effects on the passenger car’s frame structures in case of collision by Ansys LS-DYNA

This paper evaluated the effect of auto framing materials to passenger in collisions by Ansys LS-DYNA simulation software and analysis data by Hyperview software. Process simulation helps authors problem research, survey the feasibility of replacing traditional steel materials in the automotive manufacturing industry in Vietnam by carbon fiber composite materials.
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Investigation of material effects on the passenger car’s frame structures in case of collision by Ansys LS-DYNATAÏP CHÍ PHAÙT TRIEÅN KH&CN, TAÄP 18, SOÁ K7- 2015Investigation of material effects on thepassenger car’s frame structures incase of collision by Ansys LS-DYNADr. Nguyen Khac HuanEngineering infantry institute(Manuscript Received on July 13th, 2015; Manuscript Revised October 16th, 2015)ABSTRACTThis paper evaluated the effect of autoframing materials to passenger in collisionsby Ansys LS-DYNA simulation software andanalysis data by Hyperview software.Process simulation helps authors problemresearch, survey the feasibility of replacingtraditional steel materials in the automotivemanufacturing industry in Vietnam by carbonfiber composite materials. In addition, thesimulation also allows the author to easilychange the contact angle, the velocity ofimpact on a flexible, easy to achieve higheconomic efficiency during the actual test.Key words: SAMCO-BT3, Ansys LS-DYNA, Solidworks, Hyperview, Composite carbonfiber1. INTRODUCTIONReduced self-weight of cars and increasedpassive safety are two important factors whendesigning automobile frames, shell. During thedesign process, typically some parts anticollision on cars will be made from syntheticresin to absorb energy. Also partial skeletonstructure is also designed to be able to absorb thehighest energy is intended to increase thereliability and safety of people and vehicles.The examination of the anti-collision orsafety for people and vehicles are evaluated byanalyzing the collision process. Impactassessment process is usually done under thefollowing methods:- Experiment;- Simulation the impact of the software.The first selection method with the accuracyand reliability but high cost and implementationprocess is extremely complex, so not suitable forthe current conditions in Vietnam. Theapplication of simulation software collisionbetween two cars to solve the problems ofreliability frame, shell and passive safety hasbrought high accuracy while reducing costs andtime of implementation experience. To graduallydevelop mandatory standards applied to thepassenger car’s frame structures design,manufacturing and assembly in Vietnam,including taking into account the requirementsfor structural strength, the material of the frame,shell self protection when the collision occurs.Therefore in this paper, the authors use the LS-Trang 65SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, Vol 18, No.K7- 2015DYNA ANSYS software and analysis datasoftware on Hyperview to determine theinfluence of framing materials, to passenger carsbone collisions to determine Bumpers possibilityof framing materials, peel through the safetystandards of the European people.2. FINITE ELEMENT MODELING ANDSAFETY STANDARDS FOR COLLISIONProblem analysis techniques collisiondynamics instant by simulation in ANSYS isused to determine the response of structuresunder the influence of time-dependent loads. Wecan use this type of analysis to determine thedisplacements, deformation, stress and timevarying forces. Simulations provide a detailedphysical phenomena occurring in the structure ofthe model since it enables the engineers canadjust the texture before finalizing the design toput into production.Collision simulation process is performedusing software finite element simulation. A finiteelement model was designed and entered into LSDYNA ANSYS with the boundary conditions,loads and element type defined conditions closeto the actual collision.2.1 Finite element modelsThe SAMCO-BT3 and passenger car’sframe structures model designed in SolidWorks(Figure 1) * IGES file is exported, then importedinto the software Hypermesh to build finiteelement. By using the meshing method automeshon each array of car’s frame structures (typeSHELL element 163), we obtain a finite elementmodel (Figure 2)Figure 1. Geometric model passenger carFigure 2. Finite element models2.2 HIC standards, safety SI for human whenthe collisionThis is the international standard forassessing the safety of passengers whenautomobile to the force of impact. Under thisstandard, the limits of tolerance of people isconsidered a function of time with the maximumimpact force. FMVSS 208 safety standards of theUS [3] defined as follows [7]:Standard head injury HIC, limited in1000:HIC  1t 2 t1t2t1b head dtg2,5. ( t 2  t 1)Which: bhead: the largest accelerator in head;t:Trang 66time impact collision.TAÏP CHÍ PHAÙT TRIEÅN KH&CN, TAÄP 18, SOÁ K7- 2015The HIC limit is 1000, while the HIC from1500 to 2000, brain severe injury resulting indeathStandard chest injury SI, SI limit is 1000:SIt    b chest g 0 2,5dt4. RESULTS AND EVALUATIONSimulations in the case in (Table 1) withframe material, frame then replaced withcomposite materials we obtain the results shownin Section 4.1; 4.2. Some figure collision in caseM1, shown in Figure 3, 4Which: bchest: the maximum acceleration in thechest;t: time impact collision.This limitation is based on biomechanicalstudies that chest can withstand 60g accelerationof 3ms without injury, the degree of compressionis limited 3inches chest.3. SIMULATIONTable 1 The simulation caseTTConditions of collisionAngle ofcollision1900290032704430Speed (V1: carcollision,V0: collison)V1 = 15 km/h, V0 = 0km/hV1 = 20 km/h, V0 = 10km/hV1 = 20 km/h, V0 = 10km/hV = 48 km/h, V = 1010SimulationcodeFigure 3. Chassis with steel materialsM1M2M3M4km/hThe author simulated side collision betweenthe same two cars with the velocity and impactangle different. The SAMCO-BT3 and passengercar’s frame structures is CT3 steel material, thenreplaced respectively by composite materialswith similar conditions (table 1) [5]. The loadplaced on the vehicle ...