Lecture Glencoe world history - Chapter 11: The Americas (400-1500)

The diverse geography of the Americas resulted in the emergence of many varied and highly advanced civilizations. The following will be discussed in this chapter: The peoples of North America, early civilizations in Mesoamerica, early civilizations in South America.
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Lecture Glencoe world history - Chapter 11: The Americas (400-1500)Chapter IntroductionSection 1: The Peoples of North AmericaSection 2: Early Civilizations in MesoamericaSection 3: Early Civilizations in South AmericaVisual SummaryWhat can ruins teach usabout civilization?The sacred city of Chichén Itzá is one ofthe most important archaeological sites ofthe Maya and Toltec cultures. El Caracol,the observatory shown in the photo, wasused by the Maya and the Toltec tomeasure the movement of the moon,stars, and planets. It exhibits the advancedengineering and astronomy skills of itsbuilders. In this chapter you will learnabout the early civilizations of theAmericas.• Why do you think the Maya and the Toltec went to such efforts tounderstand the movement of the moon, stars, and planets?• Why do archaeologists study ancient ruins today?The Peoples of NorthAmericaHow does geographyinfluence a people’s way ofliving?Early Civilizations inMesoamericaWhy might severalsuccessive civilizationsdevelop in a certain area?Early Civilizations inSouth AmericaHow does a particularcivilization becomedominant in a region?The BIG IdeaPhysical Geography Hunters and gatherers spreadinto the North American continent and established theirunique ways of living.Content Vocabulary• longhouse • adobe• clan • pueblo• tepeeAcademic Vocabulary• survive • temporaryPeople and Places• Bering Strait • Iroquois• Inuit • Plains Indians• Gulf of Mexico • Anasazi• Hopewell • Mesa Verde• CahokiaDo you see any evidence of the earlypeople of North America in yourcommunity?A. YesB. No A. A B. B 0% 0%The First North Americans Early hunters and gatherers moved across the Bering Strait into North America, later forming distinct cultures.The First North Americans (cont.)• The first Americans were probably nomadic hunters who crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to follow the herds of animals that were their food source.• The Inuit lived in the cold, harsh environment of the tundra region of the arctic. They lived in homes made of stones and turf and temporary shelters called igloos. Cultures of North America, 400 B.C.–A.D. 1500The First North Americans (cont.)• Around 1000 B.C., farming communities appeared in the Eastern Woodlands, a region stretching from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico.• In the Ohio River Valley, the Hopewell people grew corn, squash, and beans. They built large, elaborate mounds for ceremonial purposes. Cultures of North America, 400 B.C.–A.D. 1500The First North Americans (cont.)• As people shifted to full-time farming, cities began to appear. Cities such as Cahokia had populations containing 10,000 people or more.• On the eastern seaboard of North America lived the Iroquois people. They lived in villages that consisted of longhouses which could house up to a dozen families. Cultures of North America, 400 B.C.–A.D. 1500The First North Americans (cont.)• Iroquois lived in clans. The women of the clans chose male clan members for the Grand Council, a democratic group of representatives that settled differences among the Iroquois.• On the Great Plains west of the Mississippi River, the Plains Indians cultivated crops and hunted buffalo.• Buffalo provided meat, tools made from bones, and skins for clothing and shelter in tepees.The First North Americans (cont.)• In the Southwest region of North America, the Anasazi established an extensive farming system using irrigation.• The people lived in pueblos, multistoried structures made of stone and adobe. Pueblo Bonito was a complex containing 800 rooms for 1,000 people.• In southern Colorado, the Anasazi created a community at Mesa Verde. The settlement at Mesa Verde contained buildings constructed into the walls of the cliff.Why did nomadic Asians cross theBering Strait into the Americas?A. To flee from enemiesB. To settle new landsC. To escape drought A. A B. BD. To follow herds of animals 0% C. 0% C0% 0% D. D