The effects of plant spacing on yield and quality of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.)cultivated in organic-oriented farming system on grey soil

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different plant spacing on the productivity and quality of butterfly pea grown on grey soil in Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City. Six treatments correspond to plant spacing of 80 x 15 cm, 80 x 20 cm, 80 x 25 cm, 80 x 30 cm, 80 x 35 cm and 80 x 40 cm.
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The effects of plant spacing on yield and quality of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.)cultivated in organic-oriented farming system on grey soil10 Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh CityThe effects of plant spacing on yield and quality of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) cultivated in organic-oriented farming system on grey soil Duong T. T. Pham∗ , Tri M. Bui, & Thuy T. H. Tran Faculty of Agronomy, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamARTICLE INFO ABSTRACTResearch Paper Clitoria ternatea L. is a plant species that can be used in food and pharmaceutical industry. This study was conducted to evaluateReceived: March 30, 2020 the effects of different plant spacing on the productivity andRevised: May 10, 2020 quality of butterfly pea grown on grey soil in Thu Duc, Ho ChiAccepted: June 02, 2020 Minh City. Six treatments correspond to plant spacing of 80 x 15 cm, 80 x 20 cm, 80 x 25 cm, 80 x 30 cm, 80 x 35 cm and 80 x 40 cm. The results showed that the highest flower amount (296.8 flowers/plant) was obtained with butterfly pea plantedKeywords at the spacing of 80 x 15 cm, commercial flower weight (7.86 g/100 flowers), theoretical yield of fresh flower (1,779.0 kg/1,000 m2 ), actual yield of fresh flower (841.9 kg/1,000 m2 ), theoreticalButterfly pea yield of commercial flower (194.6 kg/1,000 m2 ) and actual yieldClitoria ternatea L. of commercial flower (89.0 kg/1,000 m2 ). Nevertheless, plantGrey soil spacings did not affect the dry matter ratio, anthocyanin andOrganic-oriented farming system tannin content in the commercial butterfly flowers.Plant spacing∗ Corresponding authorPham Thi Thuy DuongEmail: pttduong@hcmuaf.edu.vnCited as: Pham, D. T. T., Bui, T.M., & Tran, T. T. H. (2020). The effects of plant spacing on yieldand quality of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) cultivated in organic-oriented farming system ongrey soil. The Journal of Agriculture and Development 19(3), 10-15.1. Introduction reaching high yield and quality, are still limited. Plant spacing is an important determinant of Clitoria tenatea L. also known as butterfly pea, plant growth, development and productivity (Mc-is a species belonging to Fabaceae family. Cur- Murray, 2004; McRae et al., 2008; Khaliq et al.,rently, the flowers from butterfly pea are being 2009). The impact of crop density is mainly dueused in food, medicine as well as in cosmetics to differences in solar radiation distribution. An(Morris, 2009). Especially, the dried butterfly pea optimization of solar radiation uptake is the mostflowers can also be used as tea. Butterfly pea important for photosynthetic efficiency. An ap-tea is characterized by a rich source of natu- propriate plant density or spacing helps plantsral antioxidants (Kamkaen & Wilkinson, 2009), take advantage of sunlight energy, reducing pestswhich is also highly safe (Luu, 2005) and satis- and diseases, paving the way for high productiv-fied most requirements of the consumers. Conse- ity. In addition, appropriate spacing can also savequently, the flowers are consumed increasingly as the seedlings, labor and other costs, those turnhealthy food. However, the research on farming out to improve the economic efficiency. Contrerastechniques which are necessary for butterfly pea et al. (2012) concluded that when planting but-The Journal of Agriculture and Development 19(3) www.jad.hcmuaf.edu.vnNong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 11terfly pea plant with a distance of 25 x 25 cm gave days before planting.highest total grain yield, grain yield per plant, Staking setup: U-shaped staking was made ofnumber of pods per plant, number of pods per bamboo, with a height of 1.5 m, each row con-m2 , fruit length, number of seeds in pod as well sisted of 7 bamboo poles separated by 1.0 m; aas the seed weight. However, there is no recom- black film was used to cover along the rows formendation for suitable plant spacing for butterfly weed preventing.pea flower use ...