VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR BOOK

FISHERIES UNIVERSITY NHA TRANG, VIETAMENGLISH FOR AQUACULTUREVOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR BOOKBY MANON FRENETTE WUSC (World University Service of Canada) 2005
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VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR BOOK FISHERIES UNIVERSITY NHA TRANG, VIETAM ENGLISH FOR AQUACULTUREVOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR BOOK BY MANON FRENETTE WUSC (World University Service of Canada) 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTUNIT ONE…………….………………..…………………………………………..Word FormationUNIT ONE.……...………………..…..……………Verb Tense Review –Active and Passive VoiceUNIT TWO…………………………..…..………………..Sentence Structure –Complex SentencesUNIT TWO……..…………………..………………………..Sentence Structure –Reduced ClausesUNIT THREE….………………….…………………………..…Sentence structure –Signal WordsUNIT FOUR….………………………………………………..…Writing and Verbalizing NumbersUNIT FOUR……………………….……………………..…………Describing trends in the MarketUNIT FIVE………………………..…………………………………………….List of clinical signs APPENDICESAPPENDIX ONE…….…..……………………….……………Academic and Aquaculture GlossaryAPPENDIX TWO…………..……………………...…………………..Acronyms and AbbreviationsAPPENDIX THREE……….………………………...………………..…..Complementary MaterialsAPPENDIX FOUR…….…….………………………..………….......................Academic Word List 2 UNIT ONE: WORD FORMATIONOne way to improve your reading comprehension, pronunciation and spelling is to increase yourunderstanding of common word parts. These word parts –also known as prefixes, suffixes and roots-are building blocks used in forming many English words.RECOGNIZING SUFFIXES, THEIR PARTS OF SPEECH AND MEANINGSNouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs-ance/-ence -ing -ize -able -ly-or/-er -ment -ate -ible-ist/-yst -ity -fy -less-ian -ism/ship -en -ic-tion/-ation -dom -ify -ical-ness -ion -ish -iveWhat is a noun? A word or group of words that represent a person (Professor Dung), aplace(Halong Bay), a thing or activity (a net or fishing) or a quality or idea (danger or over-fishing).Noun-forming suffixes:Suffix Meaning Examples Vietnamese-ance state importance, reliance-ence quality existence, subsistence-er,-or a person who, a thing which factor, farmer-ist, -yst a person who, pertaining to aquaculturist-ian pertaining to/related to reptilian-tion, -ation the act of, condition of pollution, propagation, importation-ion action-state expansion-ing activity fishing, rearing, ranching-ment state, action impoundment, environment-ity state, quality opportunity, quality, security-ism condition/state microorganism-dom domain/condition freedom-ship condition/state relationshipNote: Nouns that do not use suffixes can often be used both as nouns and adjectives… 3What is an adjective? A word that describes a noun or pronoun as in ‘. In English, adjectives areplaced in front of nouns (rare species) OR after the verb “to be”(This species is rare). Adjectives donot take the plural form, no –s.Adjective-forming suffixes:Suffix Meaning Examples Vietnamese-al commercial, recreational-ar having the quality of particular-ic aquatic, scientific-ical critical-ed high-priced, controlled, limited-ive extensive-able/-ible capable of being sustainable, edible-ous like, full of various, tremendous-ful characterized by neglectful-less without priceless-ish like brackishNote: Word ending in –ing are formed from verbs (present participle = V-ing). The –ing form maybe used as a noun, adjective, part of a noun phrase, or part of a verb.What is a verb? A word or group of words that is used to describe an action, experience, or state forexample “come”, “see”, “be”, “put on”.Verb-forming suffixes:Suffix Meaning Examples Vietnamese-ize/-ise fertilize-ate To make stimulate, irrigate-ify verify-en widenNote: The easiest way to recognize a verb is to know how verbs are formed. We will take a closerlook at this a little later in the course. To quickly review verb forms look at p.What is an adverb? A word or group of words that describe or adds to the meaning of a verb, anadjective, another adverb or a whole sentence, such as “slowly” in “he ran slowly”, “very” in “It’svery hot”, or “naturally” in “Naturally, we want you to come”.Most often adverbs finish in –ly: widely, relatively, frequently, sufficiently, economically,commercially. Here is also a list of common adverbs that do not finish in –ly : always, often,sometimes, never, very, well… 4RECOGNIZING PREFIXES AND THEIR MEANINGSPrefix Mean ...