Lecture Glencoe world history - Chapter 31: Asia and the Pacific (1945-Present)

Mao and the Communists took control of China and turned it into a military power. India split into three countries—India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Japan and the "Asian Tigers" became economic powerhouses. Australia and New Zealand have drawn closer to Asia. The following will be discussed in this chapter: Communist China, independent states in Asia, Japan and the Pacific.
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Lecture Glencoe world history - Chapter 31: Asia and the Pacific (1945-Present)Chapter IntroductionSection 1: Communist ChinaSection 2: Independent States in AsiaSection 3: Japan and the PacificVisual SummaryHow can modernizationaffect a society?The rapid modernization of China hascreated a nation that blends the oldwith the new. An example can be seenin Hong Kong where traditional Chinesejunks can be seen in the harbor of thismodern city. In this chapter you willlearn how China has emerged into themodern world.• How has modernization affected the standard of living of the Chinesepeople?• Give an example of an aspect ofAmerican culture that is a legacy ofpast traditions.Communist ChinaHow do large organizationsaccomplish their goalswhile protectingindividual’s interests?Independent Statesin AsiaWhat conflicts can erupt ina country once the threat ofa common oppressor isremoved?Japan and the PacificWhat factors contribute toeconomic success?The BIG IdeaIdeas, Beliefs, and Values The policies of theChinese Communist government set up in 1949 failedto bring prosperity. Since the 1980s, its economy hasmoved toward free enterprise, but political freedom isstill very limited.Content Vocabulary• communes • per capita• permanent revolution • one-child policyAcademic Vocabulary• final • sourcePeople, Places, and Events• Chiang Kai-shek • Red Guards• Mao Zedong • Deng Xiaoping• Taiwan • Tiananmen Square• Great Leap Forward • South Korea• Great Proletarian • North Korea Cultural Revolution • Richard Nixon• Little Red BookIn your opinion, has the United Statesever had a leader whose leadershiptransformed the entire country?A. YesB. No A. A B. B 0% 0%Mao’s China Mao Zedong led the Communists to victory in the civil war, but the human and economic costs of establishing communism were high.Mao’s China (cont.)• Mao Zedong and the Communists defeated Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalist government after a long, brutal civil war.• Chiang Kai-shek and two million followers fled to Taiwan.• Mao took land from wealthy landlords and gave it to peasants. The majority of farmland was collectivized and most industry and commerce was nationalized. China Since 1945Mao’s China (cont.)• Mao instituted a radical program known as the Great Leap Forward in order to quickly modernize.• Communes were created where people lived and worked together in order to create a classless society.• The program failed due to bad weather resulting in floods and droughts, and the peasants’ hatred of the new program. China Since 1945Mao’s China (cont.)• To make up for the failure of the Great Leap Forward and create a classless society, Mao believed a permanent revolution would motivate the Chinese.• In 1966, Mao organized the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. China Since 1945Mao’s China (cont.)• Mao issued a collection of his thoughts called the Little Red Book. It was considered the most important source for knowledge and was placed in every school, factory, commune, hotel, and university.• The Red Guards were formed to eliminate the “Four Olds”—old ideas, old culture, old customs, and old habits.• Intellectuals and artists accused of being pro-Western were attacked or imprisoned.What was the ultimate goal of theGreat Leap Forward?A. To defeat the NationalistsB. To westernize ChinaC. To create classless A. A societies B. BD. To destroy the “Four Olds” 0% C. 0% C0% 0% D. DChina After Mao After Mao’s death, Deng Xiaoping tried to modernize the nation but faced increased pressures for democratic reform.