Lecture Human anatomy and physiology - Chapter 6: Bones and skeletal tissues (part a)

Lecture Human anatomy and physiology - Chapter 6: Bones and skeletal tissues (part a). When you finish this chapter, you should: Describe the functional properties of the three types of cartilage tissue, locate the major cartilages of the adult skeleton, explain how cartilage grows, name the major regions of the skeleton and describe their relative functions, compare and contrast the four bone classes and provide examples of each class,...
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Lecture Human anatomy and physiology - Chapter 6: Bones and skeletal tissues (part a) PowerPoint® Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College CHAPTER 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Part ACopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Skeletal Cartilages • Contain no blood vessels or nerves • Dense connective tissue girdle of perichondrium contains blood vessels for nutrient delivery to cartilageCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Skeletal Cartilages 1. Hyaline cartilages • Provide support, flexibility, and resilience • Most abundant type 2. Elastic cartilages • Similar to hyaline cartilages, but contain elastic fibers 3. Fibrocartilages • Collagen fibers—have great tensile strengthCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Epiglottis Thyroid Larynx Cartilage in Cartilages in cartilage external ear nose Cricoid Trachea Articular Lung cartilage Cartilage of a joint Cartilage in Costal Intervertebral cartilage disc Respiratory tube cartilages in neck and thorax Pubic Bones of skeleton symphysis Axial skeleton Meniscus (padlike cartilage in Appendicular skeleton knee joint) Cartilages Articular cartilage of a joint Hyaline cartilages Elastic cartilages FibrocartilagesCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 6.1 Growth of Cartilage • Appositional • Cells secrete matrix against the external face of existing cartilage • Interstitial • Chondrocytes divide and secrete new matrix, expanding cartilage from within • Calcification of cartilage occurs during • Normal bone growth • Old ageCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Bones of the Skeleton • Two main groups, by location • Axial skeleton (brown) • Appendicular skeleton (yellow)Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Cartilage in Cartilages in external ear nose Articular Cartilage of a joint Cartilage in Costal Intervertebral cartilage disc Pubic symphysis Meniscus (padlike cartilage in knee joint) Articular cartilage of a jointCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 6.1 Classification of Bones by Shape • Long bones • Longer than they are wide • Short bones • Cube-shaped bones (in wrist and ankle) • Sesamoid bones (within tendons, e.g., patella)Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Classification of Bones by Shape • Flat bones • Thin, flat, slightly curved • Irregular bones • Complicated shapesCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. ...