Lecture Human anatomy and physiology - Chapter 8: Joints (part b)

Chapter 8 - Joints (part b) provides knowledge of synovial joints, homeostatic imbalances of joints and developmental aspects of joints. After completing this unit, you should be able to: Describe the structural characteristics of synovial joints, compare the structures and functions of bursae and tendon sheaths, list three natural factors that stabilize synovial joints, name the most common joint injuries and discuss the symptoms and problems associated with each,...and other contents.
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Lecture Human anatomy and physiology - Chapter 8: Joints (part b) PowerPoint® Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College CHAPTER 8 Joints: Part BCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Classification of Synovial Joints • Six types, based on shape of articular surfaces: • Plane • Hinge • Pivot • Condyloid • Saddle • Ball and socketCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Plane Joints • Nonaxial joints • Flat articular surfaces • Short gliding movementsCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. f Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial Multiaxial c b a Plane joint (intercarpal joint) a e dCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.7a Hinge Joints • Uniaxial joints • Motion along a single plane • Flexion and extension onlyCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. f Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial Multiaxial c b b Hinge joint (elbow joint) a e dCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.7b Pivot Joints • Rounded end of one bone conforms to a “sleeve,” or ring of another bone • Uniaxial movement onlyCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. f Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial Multiaxial c b c Pivot joint (proximal radioulnar joint) a e dCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.7c Condyloid (Ellipsoidal) Joints • Biaxial joints • Both articular surfaces are oval • Permit all angular movementsCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. f Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial Multiaxial c b d Condyloid joint (metacarpophalangeal joint) a e dCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 8.7d Saddle Joints • Biaxial • Allow greater freedom of movement than condyloid joints • Each articular surface has both concave and convex areasCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. f Nonaxial Uniaxial ...