Phân huỷ 2,4,6-trinitoluen (TNT) trong chất thải rắn bằng phương pháp vi sinh hai giai đoạn

Phương pháp phân hủy sinh học 2,4,6-trinitrotoliiene (TNT) làm chất gây ô nhiễm trong chất thải rắn xử lý chất thải ô nhiễm dưới kỵ khí bằng cách sử dụng vi sinh vật tự nhiên được tiết lộ.
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Phân huỷ 2,4,6-trinitoluen (TNT) trong chất thải rắn bằng phương pháp vi sinh hai giai đoạnTgp chi Hoa hgc, T. 47 (3), Tr. 327 - 332, 2009PHAN HUY 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUEN (TNT) TRONG CHATTHAI RAN BANG PHUONG PHAP VI SINH HAI GIAI DOANDen Tda sogn 27-10-2008PHAM MANH T H A o , D 6 NGOC KHUE, PHAM KIEN C U O N G , D 6 BINH MINHHgc vien Ky thugt Qudn• • ••/••^Trung tdm KHKT&suCNQSABSTRACTA method for biodegrading 2,4,6-trinitrotoliiene (TNT) as contaminant in solid waste bytreatment of the contaminated waste under anaerobic using natural microorganisms is disclosed.Dry solid waste was first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water with a source ofcarbohydrate such as starch, potato processing waste, sewage sludge... The mixture wasmaintained in anaerobic condition and natural microorganisms fermented the carbohydrate andexhausted the oxygen in the fluid medium thereby rendering the slurry anaerobic which loweredthe redox potential of the environment and promoted degradation of TNT in the followed stage.Anaerobic conditions were preferably determined via a potentiometric measurement, where aredox potential of -200 mV or less indicated strict anaerobic conditions. In the subsequentanaerobic stage, an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completed themineralization of TNT, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source.Microbial activity can assist degradation of organic contaminants either directly by enzymeproduction, or indirectly, by maintaining the reduction conditions of the environment and therebyenhancing the inorganic and biochemical mechanisms. Bench scale experiment was conducted toassess the rate and exteiU of TNT biodegradation. Results indicated that after 6 to 7 weeksincubation the concentration of TNT reduced greater than 95% fiom 277 mg.kg at the initial tobelow 13 mg.kg.tI - G I O I THIEUCac loai chit nd cd nang lugng eao nhu2,4,6 trinitrotoluen (TNT), cyclotrimetylentrinttramin (RDX) goi chung la cac nitro thom,la nhung chit ddc v i cd kha nang gay ung thu[3]. Viec sin xuat. tang trd v i sd dung rdng raicic chit tren gay tinh trang d nhiim khdng khi,I vi ngudn nude d n h i i u a i tren t h i gili [2 7:^ ^.,,C5 Viet Nam cung vdi sir phit trien cuanganh cdng nghiep qude phdng (CNQP) ndiChung va su phit triin cua cic co sd, nha miy_2_ xuat,=. gia~ : „ cdng^A..r, i7QtliAii nn nrtiripriCT nguyncriiv r.clsanvat lieundndi rieng,cag^y ° nhiim mdi trudng bdi cac loai chat thaicdng nghiep khic nhau trong dd cd cac hoa chatcd tfnh nd, chay ngiy cang gia tang [2]. Trongsd cic chat no co dge tinh cao ke tren, 2 4,6trinitrotoluen la chat co nguy ca gay o nhietncao nhat do day la thanh phan ch-^^yeu trongnhieu lo,i chat no dang dugc san xuat hien nay^Nudc thai tu cae co so san xuat thuoc phongthudc nd (TTTN) deu chda mdt ham lugng naodd cic chat tren va la nguyen nhan gay o nhiemdat, ngudn nudc ngim, inh hudng khdng nhd^^.^ gy jg-^^g ^.jja cgn ngudi va cic sinh vat sinh^^-^g gg^ ^-ic co sd tren.^,^ ^^^ ^j^,. ^^^^ - p p ^ j .•-ingiam thieu d nhiim mdi trudng tai cac ca sdCNQP mdi dugc quan tam den gin day va budcdiu quan tam din xu ly nude thai. Viec xu lychit thai rin bi nhiim cic hoa chat cd tfnh no,chiy td eac ca sd CNQP hien nay chu yeu lidung phuang phap ddt [1]. Phuang phip naykem an toan va khdng giai quyet dugc van di dnhiim khi thai sinh ra [3, 4, 6]. Trong qui tnnhtim kiem cic cdng nghe thich hgp de xU ly chatthai sinh hoat vi loai chit thai rin vda nguyhiem vda ddc hai nhu TPTN, ngudi ta rat chd ydin eac giai phap cdng nghe gii thanh h^ trongdd cd eac giai phap sd dung cic che phirn^ hoihgc, sinh hgc vi hoa sinh di vda khu tfnh nd vdaphan huy dugc cac chit nd din cic sin phamkhdng ddc hoac ft ddc han vdi mdi trudng [2].axetonitrin, axeton, etanol ciia hang Mercli(CHLB Ddc).Trong bai bao nay chdng tdi trinh bay kitqua nghien cdu phan huy TNT trong chat thairin td eac co sd CNQP bing phuang phap visinh. Qui trinh gdm hai giai doan, giai doan daula giai doan len men: Cie vi sinh vat tu nhien cdsin trong hdn hgp se len men cacbohydrat trongdieu kien ki khf vi tieu thu hit oxi hda tan tao ramdi trudng khd cd tic dung thdc diy su phanhuy TNT trong giai doan sau. Mdc do phat triincua vi sinh vat (VSV) ki khf ed thi xic dinhthdng qua viec do thi oxy hda khu cua dungdich. Trong giai doan tiip theo, mdt me ciy visinh cd kha nang phan huy TNT dugc dua viohdn hgp. TNT trong chit thai rin bi VSV phanhiiy tren 95% sau 6 - 7 tuin. Mdt phin hdn hgpchit thai sau khi da xd ly nhu tren, trong dd cdchda quin the vi sinh vat cd kha nang phan giiiTNT dugc gid lai di lam mdi cho nhung lan thunghiem tiip theo.Trong mdt binh kin thi tich 300 ml cho vaodd cac chat dinh dudng nhu nudc rau qua. nudcthit, tinh bdt, dudng, vii gam chat thai ran tainhi may ZX, them nudc din 250 ml. Day kin di ...